| ObjectiveThis study constructed a supportive nursing program for patients with acute leukemia,and explored the effects of this program on self-care ability,self-efficacy and quality of life of patients with acute leukemia,so as to provide reference for clinical practice.Methods1.Firstly,we constructed a supportive care program for patients with acute leukemia.Based on the theory of supportive care and empowerment,the literature at home and abroad was systematically searched,and the relevant content was extracted by content analysis to provide a basis for the construction of intervention programs.On the basis of semi-structured interviews,the problems existing in the supportive care of patients with acute leukemia and the reasons for hindering these problems were extracted.Combined with the results of literature analysis,the first draft of the supportive care program for patients with acute leukemia was formed.Two rounds of expert consultation were conducted using the Delphi method to modify the scheme.Finally,the final draft of the supportive nursing intervention program was formed.2.This part is the application of supportive care program for patients with acute leukemia.According to the principle of convenient sampling,68 patients with acute leukemia were selected who were hospitalized in the first and second wards of the hematology department of a tertiary hospital in Linyi City from September 2022 to December 2022.The subjects in the first ward were included in the intervention group,and the subjects in the second ward were included in the control group,with 34 people in each group.The control group was given routine nursing,and the intervention group was given supportive nursing program long as the routine nursing.The self-care ability,self-efficacy and quality of life of the two groups before intervention,1 month after intervention and 3months after intervention were scored..SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results1.This part is the construction of supportive nursing program for patients with acute leukemia based on empowerment theory.Based on the analysis of 9 related literatures,the specific contents of intervention methods,intervention personnel,intervention measures,intervention time and intervention outcome were determined.Through semi-structured interviews,it is summarized that patients with acute leukemia have a lack of disease-related information,psychological knowledge,daily life and social knowledge.The obstacles to the lack of knowledge are the patient ’s own factors,family factors and inadequate care of medical staff.The results of Delphi expert consultation showed that the positive coefficients of the two rounds of expert consultation were 93.75 % and 100 % respectively.The expert coordination coefficients were 0.283 and 0.289,respectively(P < 0.05).The expert authority coefficients(Cr)were 0.87 and 0.91,respectively.Finally,the intervention program of supportive care for patients with acute leukemia was established.2.This part is the application of supportive care program for patients with acute leukemia.A total of 4 patients were lost to follow-up during the process,and a total of 64 patients participated in the intervention,32 in the intervention group and 32 in the control group.The general data of the two groups of patients and the baseline of each evaluation index were comparable(P > 0.05).(1)There were significant inter-group effects,time effects and interaction effects on the self-care ability scores of patients at different time points.The scores of self-care ability in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 1 month and 3 months after intervention(P < 0.05).(2)The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that there were significant inter-group effects,time effects and interaction effects on patients ’ selfefficacy at different time points,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).The scores of self-efficacy in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 1 month and 3 months after intervention(P < 0.05).(3)The results of repeated measures analysis of variance showed that the quality of life scores of patients at different time points had significant inter-group effect,time effect and interaction effect,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05).The quality of life scores of patients in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group at 1 month and 3 months after intervention(P < 0.05).ConclusionThrough literature review,semi-structured interviews and expert consultation,a supportive care program for patients with acute leukemia based on empowerment theory was constructed,which was scientific and reliable.This program is conducive to improving the self-care ability and self-efficacy of patients with acute leukemia,improving the quality of life,and enhancing their confidence in treatment and nursing. |
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