Study Of Positive Aspects And Solution Focused Approach Intervention Of Family Caregivers Of Dementia Patients

Objective:To investigate the status of positive aspects of family caregivers of dementia patients and the relationship between social support and self-efficacy,and analyze its influencing factors.Referring to the influencing factors of the positive aspects of family caregivers of dementia patients,this paper introduces the nursing intervention scheme of solution focused approach,and discusses its effect on improving the positive aspects and negative emotions of family caregivers of dementia patients,to provide a reference for the related research on the care experience of family caregivers of dementia patients in future clinical practice.Methods:1.The first part was a cross-sectional study: using the convenience sampling method,family caregivers of dementia patients who attended the neurology outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Shanxi Province from March 2022 to September 2022 was selected as the study population,and general information questionnaire,caregiver positive aspects scale,social support scale,and general self-efficacy scale were used to investigate 221 families.We investigated the current positive aspects of family caregivers of patients with dementia,the relationship between their social support and self-efficacy levels,and analyzed their influencing factors.2.The second part was the intervention study: using the convenience sampling method,70 family caregivers of dementia patients who attended the neurology outpatient clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Shanxi Province September from 2022 to December2022 were selected as the study subjects and divided into a control group and a experimental group according to the randomized control principle,with 35 cases in each of the two groups.Conventional care was provided to the control group,and the experimental group implemented the nursing intervention program of solution focused approach on the basis of conventional care.The caregivers’ positive aspects,social support,self-efficacy and negative emotion levels were assessed before and after the intervention.Results:1.Cross-sectional study(1)In this study,data were collected from 221 family caregivers of patients with dementia.The results showed that the total score of positive aspects of family caregivers of patients with dementia was(30.29±6.35),of which the score of self-affirmation dimension was(17.57±3.61)and the score of life outlook dimension was(12.73±3.28).The total social support score was(33.20±5.29),of which the subjective support dimension score was(17.86±3.76),the objective support dimension score was(8.87±1.78),and the support utilization dimension score was(6.47±1.45).The self-efficacy score was(25.23±5.54).(2)The results of correlation analysis demonstrated that the level of caregivers’ positive aspects was significantly and positively correlated with the level of social support and self-efficacy(r=0.349 、 0.402,P<0.001).Multilinear regression demonstrated that caregiver gender,age,education level,length of daily care,social support,and self-efficacy level were the main influencing factors(P<0.05),which could explain the38.8% variance variability of caregivers’ positive aspects.2.Intervention research(1)Before the intervention,there was no statistical difference between the two groups in general information of patients and caregivers,positive aspects of caregivers,social support,self-efficacy and scores of anxiety and depression(P>0.05),which was comparable.(2)After the intervention,there was no statistically significant difference between the caregivers in the control group’s scores on each dimension and the total score of positive aspects(P>0.05).After the intervention,the experimental group’s overall score for caregivers’ positive aspects was significantly higher than it had been before(P<0.001)and higher than it had been for the control group(P<0.001).(3)After the intervention,the total score and each social support dimension score of caregivers in both groups was significantly improved(P<0.05),and the experimental group was significantly greater than the control group(P<0.05).(4)After the intervention,the self-efficacy scores of caregivers in both groups were significantly higher(P<0.001),and the experimental group was significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.001).(5)After the intervention,the anxiety and depression scores of caregivers in the control group were not statistically significant compared with those before the intervention(P>0.05).After the intervention,the anxiety and depression scores of caregivers in the experimental group were significantly lower than the pre-intervention levels(P<0.001)and lower than those in the control group(P<0.001).Conclusion:1.The scores of positive aspects of family caregivers of dementia patients are in the middle level,and there is still much room for improvement.2.Caregivers’ age,sex,education level,daily care duration,social support and self-efficacy are the main influencing factors of positive aspects of family caregivers of dementia patients.3.A nursing intervention scheme based on a solution focused approach can significantly improve the social support and self-efficacy level of family caregivers of dementia patients,which is conducive to enhancing the positive feelings of caregivers and improving their negative emotions.