| Objective: The chemical components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma before and after processing were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by HS-GC-MS and UPLC-Q-TOF-MS;Through the analysis of blood components of processed products of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,the differences of blood components and key blood components were explored;Through the sequencing analysis of processed products of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma to explore the effects on intestinal flora.Method:1.HS-GC-MS technique was used to analyze the powder samples of raw Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with bran,stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with soil,deep-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and rice-washed water bleaching Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma.The peak area normalization method was used to determine the relative mass fraction of volatile components in Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,and PCA and PLS-DA models were established to screen the different volatile components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma before and after processing.2.UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique was used to analyze and identify the chemical constituents of alcohol extracts of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and its four kinds of processed products.After the sample data were normalized,PCA and PLS-DA analysis were performed to screen the different components before and after processing.3.UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique was used to analyze and identify the blood components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and its four kinds of artillery products.To compare the differences before and after processing and explore the pharmacodynamic substance basis in rats.4.16S-r DNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to analyze the effect on intestinal flora in normal rats was analyzed of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and its four kinds of processed products.Results:1.73 volatile components were identified,including 52 components in raw Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,37 components in stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with bran,47 components in stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with soil,37 components in deep-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and 46 components in rice-washed water bleaching Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma.There were 24 common components,most of which were monoterpenoids and sesquiterpenoids,and the relative content of volatile components decreased.2.A total of 57 chemical components were identified,including 50 components in raw Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma,53 components in stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with bran,48 components in stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with soil,46 components in deep-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and 48 components in rice-washed water bleaching Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma.PCA and PLS-DA showed that there were significant differences in the composition of atractylodes and its different products.A total of 23 different components,including atractylenolide Ⅰ,atractylenolide Ⅱ,atractylenolide Ⅲ and biatractylolide,were selected.3.A total of 15 prototype components were identified,including5-hydroxymethylfurfural,2-ethenyl-benzenamine,benzoic acid,dimethyl anthranilate,scopolamine,7-hydroxycoumarin,Ethyl 4-hydroxyphenylacetate,diosgenin,(+)-Eudesma-4(14),7(11)-dien-8-one,8β-ethoxyasterolid,safrole,β-farnesene,dibutyl phthalate,Palmitic acid,muscone.4.Raw Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group,stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with bran group,stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with soil group,deep-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group and rice-washed water bleaching Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group could improve the intestinal flora of unclassified＿Muribaculaceae 、uncultured＿Barnesiella＿sp.、Bacteroides、uncultured＿rumen＿bacterium abundance ratios,significantly increased the abundance ratio of unclassified＿Muribaculaceae.The dominant flora in the raw Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group were Eubacterium＿coprostanoligenes＿group;stir-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma with soil group and deep-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group significantly increased the abundance ratio of Akkermansia,Akkermansia were the dominant flora in the raw Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group;Gastranaerophilales were the dominant flora in the deep-fried Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group;Lactobacillales were the dominant flora in the rice-washed water bleaching Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group.Conclusion:1.After Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma processing,the content of volatile comonents has changed,HS-GC-MS can be used to identify and distinguish them,it was proved that Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma could reduce dryness because of reduced oil content.2.Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma mainly contained terpenoids,organic acids and polyacetylene non-volatile components.At the same time,the types of most chemical components remain unchanged and the content changes after processing,the active component content of atractylenolide Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ were increased after processing.3.Analysis of the blood components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and its products,the blood components of Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma were different before and after processing,fifteen common differential prototype components were identified.4.Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma and its products,can change the species of intestinal microbes,especially rice-washed water bleaching Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma group can significantly enrich the species of intestinal microbes.Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma can increase the proportion of beneficial bacteria and regulate intestinal microbes. |
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