Clinical Preventive Effect Of Low-Dose Aspirin On High-Risk Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of low-dose aspirin on PE in high-risk pregnant women with preeclampsia,and to evaluate the effect of maternal and fetal outcomes and drug safety.Methods This study was conducted among PE high-risk pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination from September 2021 to August 2022 in Inner Mongolia Maternal and Child Health Hospital.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,321pregnant women with high risk of PE were selected as the study subjects,four cases were excluded.Finally 317 high-risk pregnant women with PE were divided into study group(93cases)and control group(224 cases)according to whether they took LDA.The study group was given oral LDA 100 mg/d from 16 to 20 weeks of pregnancy until delivery.The control group was not taking LDA group,and the two groups of pregnant women were regularly followed up to the end of pregnancy.If there was no significant difference in the proportion of general data(age,gravidity,parity,pre-pregnancy BMI and blood pressure at enrollment)and PE risk factors(pre-pregnancy BMI≥28kg/m~2,chronic hypertension,type 1 or 2diabetes,multiple pregnancy,kidney disease,previous PE history,autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus and antiphospholipid antibody syndrome)between the two groups,the preventive effect of PE,maternal and fetal outcomes and drug safety between the two groups were statistically compared and the results were analyzed.Results 1.Comparison of general data:There was no significant difference in age,gravidity,parity,BMI before pregnancy and blood pressure(systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure)between the study group and the control group(P>0.05).2.Comparison of high-risk factors of PE in pregnant women:There was no significant difference in the proportion of high-risk factors such as pre-pregnancy BMI≥28kg/m2,previous PE history,chronic hypertension,type 1 or2 diabetes,multiple pregnancy,kidney disease and autoimmune diseases(systemic lupus erythematosus,antiphospholipid antibody syndrome)between the study group and the control group(P>0.05).3.Comparison of PE incidence and pregnancy outcome of pregnant women:the incidence of PE in the study group was lower than that in the control group,and the gestational age of delivery in the study group was higher than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in the incidence of cesarean section,placental abruption,postpartum hemorrhage and HELLP syndrome between the two groups(P>0.05).4.Comparison of neonatal outcomes:The birth weight of newborns in the study group was higher than that in the control group,and the incidence of premature infants and small for gestational age infants in the study group was lower than that in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of low birth weight infants,neonatal asphyxia and Apgar score(1 minute,5 minutes)between the two groups(P>0.05).5.Comparison of drug safety:There was no significant difference in liver function related indexes(ALT,AST,ALB)and renal function related indexes(creatinine,urea nitrogen,uric acid,urinary protein)between the study group and the control group before delivery(P>0.05);coagulation function related indicators:The APTT of the study group was higher than that of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in PT,FIB,D-dimer and platelet count between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusions 1.PE high-risk pregnant women taking LDA from 16 to 20 weeks of pregnancy can effectively reduce the incidence of PE and prolong the gestational age of delivery.2.PE high-risk pregnant women taking LDA from 16 to 20 weeks of pregnancy can reduce the incidence of premature infants and small for gestational age,and increase the birth weight of newborns.3.The use of LDA in high-risk pregnant women with PE from 16 to 20weeks of pregnancy did not increase the adverse pregnancy outcomes of mothers and infants.4.PE high-risk pregnant women taking LDA from 16 to 20 weeks of pregnancy did not cause damage to liver and kidney function,and did not cause abnormal coagulation function.