The Characteristics Of Cognitive Ability And Lipid Profiles In Depressive Disorder

Objective To investigate the characteristics of cognitive function and the relationship with lipid profiles in perimenopausal depression patients.Methods From December 2021 to August 2022,66 female patients with depressive disorder in Wuhan Mental Health Center were selected as the research object,including 45 cases in non-menopausal group and 21 cases in perimenopausal group.The 17-item Hamilton Depression(HAMD)and Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)were used for assessment at the beginning of assay.We applied Montreal Cognitive Assessment(Mo CA)to test cognitive ability.The levels of triglycerides(TG),serum total cholesterol(TC),high-density lipoprotein(HDL),and low-density lipoprotein(LDL)were collected from clinic record,We detected estradiol(E2)by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Independent sample t-test was used to explore the group differences in general demographic data,depression,anxiety,cognitive scores,estrogen and blood lipid levels between the two groups,and the factors affecting cognitive function of patients were analyzed by correlation and multiple linear regression methods.Results The average score of cognitive function in female patients with depression was(24.76±4.64).40.91% of female depressed patients had cognitive impairment(Mo CA<26),and the cognitive function score of the non-perimenopausal group(26.80±3.27)was higher than the perimenopausal group(21.40±4.14),there was a significant statistical difference between the two groups(p<0.001).Compared with the non-perimenopausal group,the perimenopausal group is older(p=0.001)and less educated(p=0.001).The scores in visual space(p<0.001),attention(p<0.001),language(p<0.001),abstraction(p<0.001),and delayed recall(p<0.001)in non-perimenopausal group were significantly higher than those in perimenopausal group,There was no significant statistical difference between the two grope in E2 level,body mass index(BMI),number of episodes,depression,and anxiety.The blood lipid test suggested that serum total cholesterol(TC)(p=0.002),triglyceride(TG)(p=0.008),low-density lipoprotein(LDL)(p=0.007)in the perimenopausal group were significantly higher than the non-perimenopausal group,but there was no significant difference in high-density lipoprotein(HDL).The correlation analysis suggested that TC(r=-0.39,p<0.01)and LDL(r=-0.41,p<0.01)were significantly negatively associated with the score of Mo CA.The factors of influencing cognitive function were analyzed by regression with the total score of Mo CA and its factor scores as dependent variables.The results showed that: 1.The total score of Mo CA is related to age(p<0.001),number of episodes(p=0.047),education level(p<0.001)and LDL(p=0.043);2.Visual space is related to age(p<0.001);3,naming is related to TC(p=0.006);4.attention is related to age(p=0.001)and HAMA(p=0.037);5.Language is related to age(p<0.001);6.Abstract thinking is related to age(p<0.001),education level(p=0.012)and course of disease(p=0.025);7.Delayed recall is related to age(p<0.001);8.The directional force is related to HAMD(p=0.017).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that LDL could significantly affect cognitive function(p <0.05),and the effect was negative(β=-0.757).Conclusion 1: Patients with perimenopausal depressive disorder have significant cognitive impairment compared with non-perimenopausal depressive disorder patients2: TC and LDL may be the risk factors for cognitive impairment of perimenopausal female patients with depressive disorder,which can be used as early warning indicators for clinical evaluation of cognitive impairment of perimenopausal depressive disorder3: LDL in lipid metabolism,age,course of disease,and the degree of anxiety and depression during the disease all negatively affect the cognitive level of patients with perimenopausal depressive disorder,and the education level positively affects the cognitive level of patients with perimenopausal depressive disorder.