Short-term Clinical Efficacy And Safety Observation Of Sublingual Immunotherapy For Allergic Rhinitis

ObjectiveThe prevalence of Allergic Rhinitis has gradually increased over the past few years,and immunotherapy is currently understood to be the most efficient causative treatment.Evaluating the short-term clinical efficacy and safety of sublingual Dermatophagoides farinae drops therapy in people with allergic rhinitis(AR).MethodsFor this study,patients with AR who had a dust mite allergy and attended the Department of Otolaryngology’s outpatient clinic at Dali University’s First Affiliated Hospital from January 2022 to February 2022 were chosen.76 AR patients who received regular sublingual immunotherapy(SLIT)with Dermatophagoides farinae drops for 48 weeks were included and they would be used as upon prospective clinical data.They ranged in age from 4 to 56 years.The nonparametric Friedman test was used to compare and analyze the symptom score,the visual analog scale(VAS)score,the physical symptom score,and the quality of life score at 12 weeks,24 weeks,and 48 weeks of treatment.The effective rate,including side effects and patient compliance,was tallied.In addition,AR patients were split into two groups based on their ages,with patients under 14 years old being placed in the school-age group and patients over 14 years old being placed in the middle-aged and young-adult group.The difference between the same treatment time node and the symptom score,the physical symptom score,the VAS score,and the quality of life score prior to treatment were compared using the nonparametric Mann-Whitney U test to determine whether it was statistically significant.Results(1)In this investigation,76 AR patients were involved,and 6 cases dropped out with follow-up,with a dropout rate of 7.89%.Of these,2 lost follow-up,3 withdrew independently,and 1 was disqualified.Ultimately,the clinical trial was completed,and clinical data were successfully obtained in 70 instances.The findings demonstrated that after 12,24,and 48 weeks of treatment with SLIT,the symptom score,the physical symptom score,the VAS score,and the quality of life score in AR patients were noticeably lower,the difference was statistically significant(P value <0.05).After 48 weeks of treatment,the overall effective rate was 79%.Only 8 cases(11.43%)of AR patients had slight side effects during therapy,and none of them had substantial systemic side effects during the 48-week follow-up period.(2)By comparing the difference of the same treatment time node and before treatment between the twogroups of patients,they were separated into twogroups: the school-age group,which included 33 people under 14 years of age,and the middle-aged and young-adult group,which included 37 people over 14 years old.The findings of this study revealed that,in the 48-week treatment follow-up,it was observed that AR patients in high-age groups improved more significantly than AR patients in lower-age groups in the early stage of treatment.However,with the extension of treatment time,AR patients of all ages(4-56 years)achieved similar efficacy.At 48 weeks of treatment,the school-age group’s effective rate was 78% and group the middle-aged and young-adult group’s was 79%,demonstrating that there was no discernible difference.Conclusion(1)Sublingual Dermatophagoides farinae drops have been shown to significantly improve symptom,physical symptom,and VAS scores as well as the quality of life in AR patients who are allergic to dust mites over the short term.(2)The efficacy of the standardized Dermatophagoides farinae drops SLIT treatment appears after about 12 weeks of treatment,and it continues to increase for 48 weeks.(3)The efficacy of AR patients,who accepted sublingual standardized Dermato-phagoides farinae drops for the treatment with ages ranging from 4 to 56,was unaffected by their ages.