Why Do Families Hurt People?

In recent years,the problem of youth suicide has attracted more and more attention.According to the report on Child Suicide in China released by the Beijing Medical University Children’s Development Center,about 100,000 teenagers die from suicide every year in China.It can be seen that the youth suicide problem is very serious.As more studies pay attention to suicide,there are more and more theories in the field of suicide.However,because the traditional suicide theory often confuse suicide ideation with suicide action,the transformation process of suicide ideation into suicide action is not paid attention to.Later,scholars put forward a new suicide theory under the framework of "ideation-behavior".This theory holds that suicidal ideation and suicidal action are two different steps of suicide with different influencing factors and mechanisms,which points out a direction for future suicide research.As a family plays an important role in the physical and mental development of adolescents,its influence on suicide should not be ignored.Home should be a haven to adolescents,but sometimes hidden "kill",we cannot help but raise a question,why the family hurt people? To further prevent tragic events,we need to understand how suicidal ideation and action develop.Therefore,this study hopes to explore the role of family factors in the process of suicide generation.This study chooses a combination of qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis to illustrate the above issues.There are three parts in this study:(1)In study 1,adult subjects who had suicidal ideation or behavior in middle school were recruited through the Internet.After excluding those who had suicidal ideation due to non-family factors,21 subjects were finally recruited and participated in the interview.In the interview,they were asked to recall their experiences related to suicide in middle school.Finally,through the arrangement of the interview recordings,a possible theoretical model between family factors and suicide was constructed by qualitative analysis.(2)Study 2 selects parent-child conflict as a variable and further verifies the quantitative analysis based on the theoretical model derived from Study 1.In the second study,data were collected by means of questionnaire.The subjects were selected from a middle school with both a middle school and a high school in Chongqing.At last,a total of 4623 students participated in the test.A chain mediation model of connectedness and self-worth between parent-child conflict and suicidal ideation was,at last,revealed through data analysis.(3)In study 3,parent-child conflict is still selected as a variable for further study to explore how parent-child conflict is transformed into suicidal action.In the study 3,data were collected by means of questionnaire.The subjects were selected from a middle school with both a middle school and a high school in Chongqing.At last,a total of 4623 students participated in the test.In study 3,a moderated mediation model was finally constructed,with special attention to the moderating effect of coping style level on path between parent-child conflict,suicidal ideation,and suicidal action.Through the analysis of the three studies,the following conclusions are finally reached:(1)By analyzing the interview results,Study 1 summarized the categories in three aspects.In terms of family factors affecting the generation of suicidal ideation,six categories were summarized: parenting style,emotional warmth of parents,attitude of parents,parent-child conflict,family background and family atmosphere.In terms of negative thoughts that may be caused by family factors,Five categories of negative self-worth,frustration of belonging,negative experience,loss of meaning of life and despair are summarized.Five categories of suicidal ideation into suicide action are summarized: suicidal ability,view of death,external influence,limited coping style and can’t let go of the good things in life.A theoretical model of suicide due to familial influences is formulated: negative thoughts or experiences in adolescents can lead to suicidal ideation,which then progresses into suicidal action.(2)By means of questionnaire survey and data analysis,study 2 found that parent-child conflict,connectedness,self-worth and suicidal ideation were significantly different at different grade levels;Parent-child conflict,connectedness and self-worth can significantly predict suicidal ideation;The relationship between parent-child conflict and suicidal ideation is verified,in which connectedness and self-worth can be mediating variables alone or form chain mediating variables.(3)By means of questionnaire survey and data analysis,Study 3 found that coping style and suicidal action risk were significantly different at different grade levels;Parent-child conflict and suicidal ideation can significantly predict the risk of suicidal action.Suicidal ideation plays a mediating role in parent-child conflict and suicidal action.The moderating effects of coping style level on path between parent-child conflict,suicidal ideation and suicidal action were verified.The conclusions obtained from this study suggest that in the process of screening high-risk adolescents,it can be helpful to judge their risk level by understanding their parent-child conflict status,the degree of damage to connectedness and the level of self-worth.At the same time,it is important to provide a warm environment for teenagers to feel fully connected;Help teenagers to build self-confidence and improve their self-worth.In addition,we also need to pay special attention to the protective role of coping style level in adolescents.