Current Status And Influencing Factors Of Smoking Cessation Among Elderly Patients With Ischemic Stroke

Objective: To investigate the smoking cessation status of elderly patients with ischemic stroke 3 months and 6 months after discharge;to analyze the influencing factors of smoking cessation in elderly patients with ischemic stroke.Methods: Convenience sampling was adopted to continuously select patients who had been admitted to the Department of Neurology and the Department of Geriatrics of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from December 2021 to June 2022.The general data questionnaire,the NIH Stroke Scale(NIHSS),the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence,FTND),Smoking Cessation Health Belief Scale,Smoking Self-Efficacy Questionnaire,SEQ-12),Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale(HADS),Modified Rankin Scale(MRS),Smoking cessation follow-up Questionnaire were used to investigate the influencing factors of status and influencing factors of smoking cessation in elderly patients with ischemic stroke.Epi Data 3.1 and SPSS 25.0 were used for statistical analysis,Using P < 0.05 as the baseline,the difference was statistically significant.Independent sample t test,Mann-Whitney U test and Chi-square test were used for univariate analysis of smoking cessation in elderly patients with ischemic stroke,and binary Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis.Results: 1.A total of 270 questionnaires were sent out and 270 were recovered,with a recovery rate of 100%.253 valid questionnaires were recovered,with effective recovery rate of 93.70%.At discharge 247 cases(96.11%)chose dry abstaining,6cases(2.37%)chose non-dry abstinence;At the three-month follow-up,152 cases had quit smoking,56 cases had reduced smoking,39 cases had not changed smoking,and6 cases had increased smoking.At the six-month follow-up,151 had quit smoking,60 had reduced their smoking,36 had not changed their smoking,and 6 had increased their smoking.The smoking cessation rate was 59.68% at three-month follow-up and59.29% at six-month follow-up,and there was no statistical difference between the two groups(P> 0.05).2.The results of Univariate analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in overall severity of disease,hypertension,post-stroke functional recovery,depression,previous smoking cessation experience,nicotine dependence,age at which smoking began,and health beliefs about quitting(P < 0.05).3.The results of multivariate analysis showed that the overall severity of the disease,nicotine dependence,functional recovery after stroke,health beliefs about quitting smoking,and the age at which smoking started were the factors influencing smoking cessation 3 months and 6 months after discharge in elderly patients with ischemic stroke(P < 0.05);Hypertension was the only factor affecting smoking cessation 3 months after discharge in elderly patients with ischemic stroke(P< 0.05),History of smoking cessation was only a factor in smoking cessation 6 months after discharge in elderly patients with ischemic stroke(P < 0.05).Conclusions:1.The smoking cessation rate of elderly patients with ischemic stroke was mainly dry abstinence.2.The factors influencing smoking cessation in elderly patients with ischemic stroke are different at different time points.Factors influencing smoking cessation in elderly patients with ischemic stroke at 3 months and 6 months after discharge included overall severity of the disease,nicotine dependence,functional recovery after stroke,health beliefs about quitting,and age at which smoking began;Hypertension was only the factor influencing smoking cessation 3months after discharge in elderly patients with ischemic stroke,and smoking cessation experience was only the factor influencing smoking cessation 6 months after discharge.Among them,the overall severity of disease,poor functional recovery after stroke,strong health belief in quitting smoking,late age of starting smoking were protective factors for quitting smoking 3 months and 6 months after discharge,and nicotine dependence was risk factors for quitting smoking 3 months and 6 months after discharge;Hypertension was only a protective factor for quitting smoking 3months after discharge,and having quit smoking was only a risk factor for quitting smoking 6 months after discharge.It is suggested that comprehensive evaluation should be carried out for elderly patients to quit smoking,and intervention should be focused on the above factors,so as to improve the success rate of smoking cessation in elderly patients with ischemic stroke and improve the prognosis of patients.