| Euonymus alatus(Thunb.)Sieb is a plant in the Celastraceae,which is widely distributed in our country and has strong vitality.Euonymus alatus is a commonly used medicinal plant,widely used in medicine,however,there are few studies on the potential uses of the chemical constituents contained in Euonymus alatus at home and abroad.In this study,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(UPLC-MS)and cytotoxicity detection were used to study and analyze the chemical constituents of leaves,branches,trees,bark,roots and root bark of Euonymus alatus in spring and summer.In addition,the effects of the active components of Euonymus alatus on gastric cancer,liver cancer and breast cancer were explored,providing theoretical reference and technical support for further exploration and development of the potential value of Euonymus alatus in agriculture,food,biomedicine and other fields.The specific findings of the study are as follows:(1)Functional group analysis of Euonymus alatusThe analysis of functional groups of the six parts of the leaves,branches,bark,wood,roots and root bark of Euonymus alatus in spring and summer by fourier infrared spectroscopy showed that the composition of Euonymus alatus in spring and summer did not differ much,all six parts contained strong characteristic absorption peaks,and the characteristic absorption peaks were mainly distributed in the 3400-3320 cm-1 and 1615-1630 cm-1 bands,the characteristic peaks in summer were stronger than in spring for all five parts except the root bark part.It is assumed that there may be alcohols,amines,phenols,esters,aldehydes and other substances in Euonymus alatus,and the content and types of chemical substances in Euonymus alatus in summer may be higher than those in spring.(2)Chemical composition analysis of Euonymus alatus extractAfter GC-MS analysis of Euonymus alatus extract,101 substances were detected in the leaves,108 substances in the branches,127 substances in the bark,129 substances in the wood,92 substances in the root,114 substances in the root bark,and 347 chemical substances in total.The chemical species of Euonymus alatus were higher in spring than in summer,with the most types of chemical substances detected in the wood parts and the least in the root parts.UPLC-MS analysis showed that 281 substances were detected in the leaves,250 substances in the branches,346 substances in the bark,298 substances in the wood,291 substances in the root,455 substances in the root bark,and 1110 chemicals substances in total.The chemical content was higher in summer than in spring,with the largest variety of chemicals detected in the root bark area and the least detected in the branch area.In summary,the chemical content of Euonymus alatus officinalis in summer was higher than that in spring,and the relative content of chemical in branch was the lowest,while the relative content of chemical in root bark was the highest.Different parts of Euonymus alatus contain chemicals with high utilization value,which can be applied in food,industry,agriculture,biomedicine and other fields.The chemical components contained can be used to configure various edible flavors and fragrances,produce plasticizers,produce pesticides,produce plant growth hormones,treat cardiovascular diseases,treat urinary infections and other effects.Some compounds also have strong anti-cancer activity and can be applied in the treatment of cancer.(3)Cytotoxicity assay analysis of Euonymus alatus extractThe results after cytotoxicity assay showed that Euonymus alatus had the highest general killing rate on liver cancer Hepg2 cells,and relatively low general killing rate on leukemia K562 cells and breast cancer MDA-MB-231,and all six parts had inhibitory effects on four types of cancer cells.Among them,the highest killing rate of hepatocellular carcinoma Hepg2(81.49%)and leukemia K562(58.74%)was in the root bark of Euonymus alatus,and the highest kill rate against gastric cancer SGC7901(80.57%)and breast cancer MDA-MB-231(60.64%)was in the root part in spring.This may be the result of the inhibition of cancer cell growth by dihydrokiwactone,β-carylodene,cinnamic acid,melanoterpenone,arsinine,alphalinolenic acid,permolic acid,genipine,ganodermic acid D,rosaceolenic acid,carbionone,ginkgo acid,piperlongine,acetosycin,falcarinediol and other active substances in it through various ways.Euonymus alatus has great potential value in the treatment of cancer and the development of anticancer drugs.However,the target and mechanism of Euonymus alatus inhibiting cancer cells are not clear.The next step should be to explore the extraction method of single compounds in Euonymus alatus and deepen the research on the target and mechanism of Euonymus alatus in treating various diseases and anticancer. |
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