| Objective:To investigate the elderly in Urumqi community by questionnaire,to understand the status quo of the elderly care needs in Urumqi community,and analyze the related influencing factors of the elderly with different care needs,so as to put forward targeted countermeasures and suggestions.It provides a reference for accurately meeting the care needs of the elderly,providing high-quality and professional long-term care services for the elderly and formulating targeted plans in the future.Methods:From December 2021 to December 2022,a total of 1000 elderly people over 60 years old were selected from Urumqi Tianshan District,Shaybak District,Shuimogou District and communities in Xincheng District through convenient sampling,and household survey was conducted using general data questionnaire,elderly ability rating assessment form,elderly health status assessment form and social support assessment scale.Non-parametric test of rank transformation(Mann-Whitney test of two independent samples and Kruskal-Wallis H test of multiple independent samples)was used to make univariate analysis of the level of community elderly care needs,and ordered multi-classification Logistic regression analysis was used to make multivariate analysis of community elderly care needs.Amos 21.0 was used to build a structural equation model to analyze the relationship between the influencing factors and the route to the level of community elderly care needs in Urumqi.Results:(1)The ability level of 962 elderly people in the community showed different degrees of impairment,mainly grade 1 mild disability(37.00%),grade 2 moderate disability 47(4.88%),44 patients(4.57%)were classified as Grade 3(severe disability I),20(2.08%)were classified as grade 4(severe disability II),and 6(0.06%)were classified as grade 5(severe disability III).(2)The health status of the elderly in Urumqi was general.Geriatric syndrome is common(70.17%).264 people(27.44%)had two or more diseases being treated at the same time;38 elderly people in the community needed special care(3.95%).Number of health conditions: 0 elderly people in the community 310(32.29%);There were 532 elderly people(55.30%)in the 1-2community;120 people(12.47%)had three or more categories.(3)The community social support of the elderly in Urumqi was at a medium level,and the average score of the community social support of the elderly was(33.06±8.97),among which 124 people(12.89%)had low level of social support at grade 1.725 elderly people(75.36%)in the middle level of social support;113 elderly people(11.75%)with low level of social support at Grade 3.(4)Among the 962 elderly people in the community,380(39.50%)were in grade 0 care;Care level 1 294 people(30.56%);174 people(18.08%)in care level2;51 patients(5.30%)in Grade 3 care;There were 40(4.17%)nursing level 4 patients and23(2.39%)nursing level 5 patients.Orderly multiple Logistic regression showed that gender,age,per capita family income,education level,living condition,number of chronic diseases,disability and social support grade were the main factors affecting the level of care needs of the elderly in Urumqi community(P<0.05).(5)The effects of each latent variable on the level of care demand were successively as follows: physical factors,sociological characteristics of population and living conditions,respectively,and their total effect values were 0.9746,-0.337 and 0.094,Physical factors and residential classification have both direct and indirect effects.Conclusion: The overall level of community elderly care demand in Urumqi is at a low level.It is necessary to balance community care demand and resource supply on the basis of care demand grade evaluation results,establish and develop a normative national elderly care demand evaluation system suitable for national conditions,concentrate social,community and family care service resources,reduce the elderly care demand grade,build a community integrated care service system,and improve the level of community elderly care service. |
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