Study On The Effect And Mechanism Of Ginkgo Biloba Extract On Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is the most common endocrine metabolic disorder in women of reproductive age and is closely associated with chronic inflammation.Currently,ovulation-promoting drugs and insulin sensitizers are mainly used to treat PCOS,but they are ineffective and have some side effects,and it is necessary to find safer and more effective treatment strategies.Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)has anti-inflammatory effects and can regulate lipid metabolism,however,its therapeutic effects on PCOS have not been reported.Therefore,this study was conducted to investigate the intervention effect and mechanism of action of GBE on PCOS by establishing a mouse model of PCOS.The main contents are as follows:The effect of GBE on the conventional indexes of PCOS mice was first investigated.In this study,C57BL/6J female mice,were randomly divided into three groups(20 mice/group):control group(CON group),model group(MOD group),and GBE-treated group(GBE group),and different groups were given different feed and drug treatments.The results showed that GBE was able to reduce body weight,ovarian weight,adipose tissue weight,liver weight and liver index in PCOS mice.The change pattern of estrous cycle could be observed by vaginal cell staining in mice,and the results showed that GBE could effectively improve the disorder of estrous cycle in PCOS mice.The pathomorphological changes of ovaries,adipose tissue and liver were analyzed by hematoxylin-eosin staining and oil red O staining,and the results showed that GBE could reduce the polycystic-like changes of ovaries,reduce the size of adipocytes and improve the pathological morphology of liver and liver fat deposition in PCOS mice.The results showed that GBE reduced triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in the serum of PCOS mice.The content of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were increased.Secondly,the mechanism of action of GBE in improving PCOS was investigated in depth in terms of inflammatory response and intestinal flora.The results showed that GBE significantly reduced the infiltration of total macrophages and M1 macrophages and increased the infiltration of M2 macrophages in the ovaries,adipose tissue and liver of PCOS mice,and GBE significantly reduced the expression level of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in the above tissues and inhibited the inflammatory response in the tissues.On the other hand,the effect of GBE on the composition and relative abundance of intestinal flora in PCOS mice was evaluated by 16 S r RNA gene sequencing,and the differential flora of each group was sought.The results showed that GBE could increase the Alpha diversity and change the Beta diversity of the intestinal flora of PCOS mice,and change the relative abundance and composition of the flora to normal flora composition and structure,and regulate the balance of the intestinal flora.The content of metabolites short chain fatty acids(SCFAs)in the intestinal flora of three groups of mice was analyzed by gas chromatographymass spectrometry,and the results showed that GBE reduced the content of propionic acid and increased the content of butyric acid and isovaleric acid in the colon.The correlation analysis of differential flora,SCFAs and blood lipid metabolism indexes showed that the enriched flora in the intestine of mice in the GBE group,mostly beneficial bacteria,were negatively correlated with TG,TC and LDL-C,and positively correlated with HDL-C,butyric acid and isovaleric acid.