The Clinical Experience Of Professor Yuan Huishu In The Treatment Of Palpitation(Arrhythmia) Was Summarized Based On Data Mining And Network Pharmacology

Objective:1.In this study,the TCM inheritance assistance platform excavates the medication rules of Professor Yuan Hui Shu for the treatment of palpitations(arrhythmias),and selects the core drugs to provide reference for the clinical treatment of palpitations(arrhythmias).2.The core drugs screened out were explored by network pharmacological methods to explore the mechanism of their treatment of arrhythmias,so as to provide data support and literature basis for the treatment of arrhythmias by traditional Chinese medicine.Method:1.Collect the outpatient medical records of Professor Yuan Huishu at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine and the Hanan Branch of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine from September 2014 to March 2022,and screen out the first medical records that meet the criteria for recruitment.The data was standardized and entered into the TCM inheritance assistance platform(v2.5),a database on Professor Yuan Huishu’s treatment of palpitations(arrhythmias)was established,and the symptoms,symptom types,diagnoses and Chinese medicines involved in the cases and prescriptions in the database were statistically sorted out,and then core drug groups and potential new prescriptions were discovered,so as to summarize Professor Yuan Huishu’s diagnosis and treatment experience and academic thoughts in the treatment of heart palpitations(arrhythmias).2.Screen out the active ingredients and action targets of core drugs,intersect with arrhythmic disease targets to obtain the intersection targets of core drugs and arrhythmias,use Cytoscape 3.8.0 to construct a core drug-active ingredient-target network,upload the intersection targets to the String database to build a PPI network,import the intersection targets into the Metascape database for GO and KEGG enrichment analysis,predict and explore the potential mechanism of action of core drug treatment of arrhythmias.Results:1.According to the statistical results,in the database established this time,female patients are significantly higher than men,accounting for 65.03%,men account for only 34.97%,and in the age of onset,patients aged 60-69 have the most incidence,accounting for 31.12%.2.In the statistics of Western medicine diagnosis,sinus bradycardia has the largest number of cases,with 77 cases,accounting for 26.92% of all cases;The number of cases of ventricular premature beats was the second,with a total of 68 cases,accounting for 23.78% of all cases;After that,there were 49 cases of atrial fibrillation,accounting for 17.13% of all cases;36 cases of atrial premature beats,accounting for 12.59% of all cases;32 cases of AV block,accounting for 11.19% of all cases;Sinus tachycardia was the fewest with only 24 cases,accounting for 8.39%of all cases.3.The most common symptoms of palpitations in this statistic were followed by chest tightness,insomnia,upset,fatigue,dizziness,shortness of breath,chills,dry mouth,and sore waist and knees.4.In the statistics of drug four gases,warm drugs accounted for up to 36.28%,followed by flat drugs accounting for 30.58% and cold drugs accounting for 28.40%;Among the five flavor statistics,sweet drugs accounted for the most 35.57%,followed by bitter drugs accounting for 29.07% and spicy drugs accounting for19.41%.The frequency of menstruation was 19.08% for liver meridian,15.26% for spleen meridian,and 15.07% for cardiac meridian.The 10 flavors of Chinese medicines with the highest frequency in the drug frequency statistics were Pori Ling(92.31%),Tangerine Peel(81.12%),Baishu(77.97%),Keel(77.06%),Oysters(75.73%),Yuanzhi(75.07%),Sour Jujube Kernel(73.08%),Chai Hu(70.42%),Chicken Neijin(49.16%),and Sanqi(45.17%).Commonly used drug combinations include tangerine peel-poria,sour jujube kernel-Yuanzhi,keel-oyster,keel-Yuanzhi-oyster,keel-Yuanzhi-oyster,keel-sour jujube kernel-Yuanzhi-oyster,Poria-Baishu-tangerine peel-Chaihu,etc.The high confidence is "Baishu→ Zhuling","Baishu,Chaihu→ Zhuling","Tangerine Peel,Baishu→ Poria" and so on.The entropy hierarchical clustering algorithm was used to obtain 4 potential new parties.5.A total of 108 core drug active ingredients,779 related drug targets and 1254 disease-related points were obtained after screening of the core prescription drugs,and 184 common targets were obtained after intersection.Among them,the key active substances are quercetin,bile triene,niacin,stigmasterol,kaempferol,naringenin,S-(2-carboxyethyl)-L-cysteine,vitamin B2,vitamin C,calcium phosphate,etc.;Key targets include INS,AKT1,IL-6,TNF,IL-1β,VEGFA,MAPK3,PPARG,CASP3 and other targets;GO enrichment analysis showed that arrhythmias may be related to oxidoreductase activity,receptor ligand activity,protein homodimer activity,protein kinase activity,protein domain-specific binding,voltage-gated monatomic cation channel activity,DNA-binding transcription factor binding,protein heterodimer activity,channel regulator activity,G protein-coupled receptor binding,etc.KEGG pathway enrichment analysis may be related to AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,adrenergic signaling of cardiomyocytes,calcium signaling pathway,diabetic cardiomyopathy,hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other pathways.Conclusion:1.Through data mining,it is concluded that the drugs used by Professor Yuan Huishu to treat palpitations(arrhythmia)are mostly warm,flat and cold medicines,among the five flavors,sweet,bitter and spicy are the most,and more into the liver,spleen and heart three meridians,commonly used drugs are tangerine peel-poria,sour jujube kernel-yuanzhi,keel-oyster,commonly used drug group is keel-oyster-sour jujube kernel-yuanzhi,poria-baishu-tangerine peel-chaihu.Professor Yuan summarized the empirical formulas of Poria,Tangerine Peel,Baishu,Keel,Oyster,Yuanzhi,Sour Jujube Kernel and Chai Hu by treating palpitations(arrhythmias)and obtained 4 potential new formulas through the entropy hierarchy clustering algorithm.2.Network pharmacology shows that the mechanism of action of core prescription drugs for treating palpitations(arrhythmias)may be related to quercetin,bile triene,niacin,stigmasterol,kaempferol,naringenin,S-2-carboxyethyl-L-cysteine,vitamin B2,vitamin C,calcium phosphate and other active ingredients,by affecting INS,AKT1,IL-6,TNF,IL-1β,VEGFA,MAPK3,PPARG,CASP3 and other targets to regulate the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway,adrenergic signaling,calcium signaling pathway,diabetic cardiomyopathy,hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other pathways of cardiomyocytes,participate in anti-inflammatory,delay cardiomyocyte apoptosis,dilate blood vessels,improve myocardial ischemia and other biological processes.