| Objective:By comparing serum SVEP1 expression differences among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus,lupus nephritis,and healthy controls,The correlation between SVEP1 and disease activity was analyzed,and the value of serum SVEP1 protein as a biomarker of LN was explored,providing an important scientific basis for the early diagnosis and disease assessment of LN.Methods:(1)In this experiment,40 patients who were first diagnosed with SLE in our hospital from November 2021 to February 2023 and 30 cases of healthy physical examination during the same period were collected.Fasting peripheral venous blood was collected in the morning,and SVEP1 protein was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent test.(2)General data and laboratory indicators of SLE patients were collected,patients were grouped according to the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 scale: Nine patients with scores ranging from 5 to 9 were included in the mild activity group,13 patients with scores ranging from 10 to 14 were included in the moderate activity group,and 19 patients with scores ≥15 were included in the severe activity group.According to the 2019 Chinese diagnostic guidelines for lupus nephritis,the patients were divided into the lupus nephritis and non-lupus nephritis groups.(3)SVEP1 levels were compared between SLE and healthy controls,between different disease activity groups in SLE,and between lupus nephritis group and non-lupus nephritis group;and the correlation between SVEP1 and other clinical indicators was analyzed,to evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of SVEP1 in LN.Results:(1)Compared with the healthy control group,the serum level of SVEP1 in SLE patients was significantly higher,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).(2)There were significant differences in serum SVEP1 expression level between different activity groups and healthy control group(P<0.001),and the level of serum SVEP1 in heavy activity group was higher than that in light activity group(P<0.001),moderate activity group(P<0.05)and healthy control group(P<0.001),and the difference was statistically significant;(3)The serum SVEP1 expression level varied between LN,non-LN and healthy control groups(P<0.001),Serum SVEP1 level in the LN group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group(P<0.001)and in the non-LN group(P<0.05);The difference was statistically significant.(4)SVEP1 protein level in LN patients was significantly negatively correlated with C3 and C4(r=-0.412,P=0.041;r=-0.402,P=0.047);A significant positive correlation with 24-hour albuminuria,SLEDAI score,C-reactive protein,anti-ds DNA antibody positive rate and anti-Sm antibody positive rate(r=0.41,P=0.042;r=0.481,P=0.015;r=0.623,P=0.001;r=0.433,P=0.031;r=0.485,P=0.014);There was no obvious correlation between SVEP1 level in serum and other test indexes such as blood routine(red blood cell count,hemoglobin content,platelet count)blood biochemistry(creatinine,urea nitrogen,glomerular filtration rate,blood sedimentation rate,blood uric acid,Alanine transaminase)(P>0.05).(5)The diagnostic value of serum SVEP1 in LN was assessed using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.The area under the curve was 0.933,and the cutoff value was 699.319 pg/m L,with a sensitivity of 88.0% and a specificity of 99.9%(p<0.001).Conclusion:(1)Serum SVEP1 protein levels were significantly expressed in patients with lupus nephritis,suggesting that SVEP1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.(2)SVEP1 levels were negatively correlated with C3 and C4,and positively correlated with 24-hour proteinuria,SLEDAI score,C-reactive protein,anti-ds DNA antibody positivity,and anti-Sm antibody positivity,suggesting that elevated serum SVEP1 levels may reflect lupus nephritis disease activity. |
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