Quality Of Life And Associated Factors Among Working Women Of Childbearing Age In Changsha

Objective: To explore the quality of life among working women of childbearing age and its influencing factors,and the specific situation of psychological capital.To analyze the potential impact mechanism and specific effects of psychological capital among working women of childbearing age on the quality of life,and to explore the real experience about the life state among working women of childbearing age through qualitative interviews from the perspective of individual coping in Changsha.To provide theoretical basis and reference for subsequent scholars engaged in relevant research.Method:(1)Questionnaire survey: The 380 community women in Changsha,Hunan Province were selected by cluster random sampling from April to September 2021.The self-made general information questionnaire,Work Family Conflict Scale(WFCS),Psychological Capital Questionnaire-24(PCQ-24),Simple Coping Style Scale(SCSS)and WHO Quality Of LifeBREF(WHOQOL-BREF)were used for measurement.The SPSS 22.0 and Process were used for data analysis.The median,interquartile spacing,frequency and percentage are used to describe the general demographic data and the scores of each scale.The non-parametric test is used to analyze the differences in quality-of-life level in socio-demographic characteristics.The ordinal logistic regression was used to analyze the associated factors with quality of life.The Spearman correlation analysis is used to describe the correlation between the score of the scale and each dimension.Linear regression analysis was used to test the mediating effect,and the nonparametric percentile Bootstrap method was used to further test the mediating effect.(2)Qualitative interview method: Semi-structured interview method is adopted.A total of 14 interviewees were included.The NVivo10.0 software and Colaizzi phenomenology seven step analysis method were used to analyze the data.Result:(1)Questionnaire survey method: A total of 400 questionnaires were distributed and 380 valid questionnaires were recovered,with a recovery rate of 95.0%.The age of working women of childbearing is(33.88 ± 5.54)years old,and the age of their spouse is(35.91 ± 6.98)years old.The median of the total score of quality of life was 13.57.The overall distribution of quality-of-life scores among working women of childbearing age of different birth status,educational level,work type,working years,monthly income,spouse household registration type and spouse educational level were different(P < 0.05).The median score of total psychological capital was 117.00,the median score of positive coping was 18.00,the median score of negative coping was 6.00,and the median score of work family conflict scale was 51.50.When work-family conflict,psychological capital,and positive coping simultaneously predicted quality of life,work-family conflict had a direct negative predictive effect on quality of life(β=-0.018,P<0.05);psychological capital and positive coping had a direct positive effect on quality-of-life positive predictive effect(β=0.011,P<0.05;β=0.042,P<0.001).(2)Qualitative interview method: Analyzing the collected interview data,we extracted two themes related to the quality-of-life experience among working women of childbearing age,which were:positive experience and negative experience.The positive experience included 6 sub-themes: self-realization satisfaction,good platform and superior welfare policy,convenience and completeness of life services and public resources,responsibilities of spouses and families,rich social and recreational activities,positive coping styles,and intergenerational support provided by parents.Negative experience includes 3 sub-themes: greater psychological pressure,greater work-family conflict,and generation gap.Conclusion: The overall quality of life among professional women of childbearing age in Changsha is relatively low.The work family conflict is serious,but the level of psychological capital is high.The research objects tend to adopt a positive way to solve the problems in work and life.The improvement of psychological capital is of great significance to the improvement of quality of life.