Collection,Collation And Research On The Historical Materials Of Medicine In Pre-Qin Literature

This dissertation collects and collates the historical materials of medicine in the pre-Qin literature,at the same time,on the basis of the collected and collated medical historical materials,combined with the research results of scholars and archaeological materials,discusses and analyzes the medical situation in the pre-Qin period.The dissertation is divided into four chapters.The first chapter is the collation and interpretation of the appellation of diseases,medicines,medical devices.First of all,we collected the appellation of diseases,medicines and medical devices that appeared in the literature handed down from the pre-Qin period.At the same time,the collected materials were classified.We divided the appellation of diseases into infectious diseases,skin diseases,disabilities and other type of diseases,and divided the appellation of medicines into herbal medicines,mineral medicines and other type of medicines.Secondly,it was the collected annotations of the appellation of diseases,medicines,medical devices.In the process of the collected annotations,the opinions of various scholars were collected and the research results of academia were referenced.Finally,on the basis of the original literature and various interpretations,combined with unearthed materials,some historical materials of medicine were examined and analyzed,and personal opinions were put forward in the form of comments.The second chapter is the study of doctors and medical affairs in the pre-Qin literature.First of all,the pre-Qin literature recorded the identities,specialties and other related issues of doctors such as Wu Peng,Yi Yan,Yi Huan,Yi He,Yi Kou,Wen Zhi and Bian Que.Secondly,according to the records of the literature handed down from the pre-Qin period,there were many doctors,such as Shiyi,Jiyi,Yangyi,veterinarians and military doctors.In addition,according to the records of unearthed literature,the early prototype of forensic medicine had already appeared during the Warring States period.Finally,the medical characteristics recorded in the pre-Qin literature included two aspects.On the one hand,shaman and doctor had experienced the process of integration to separation.On the other hand,Shushi and Jianshi recorded in Zhou Li played an important role in public health and epidemic prevention.The third chapter is the study of medical thought.In the pre-Qin literature,the medical thought could be divided into two aspects,namely,etiological thought and preventive thought.On the one hand,in the pre-Qin period,the people’s reverence and worship of ghosts and gods,their cognition of nature and their own life experience all affected their etiological thought.At that time,people believed that ghosts and gods,climate conditions,water and soil conditions,emotional state,diet,environmental sanitation and sexual affairs affected people’s health.On the other hand,in the pre-Qin period,people attached great importance to the prevention of diseases,and the methods adopted to prevent diseases included maintaining perfect hygiene habits,implementing Daoyin activity,participating in dancing activities,and holding sacrificial ceremony and Nuo ritual.The fourth chapter is the influence of diseases on social governance and culture seen in the pre-Qin literature.In the pre-Qin period,the influence of diseases on society was reflected in both national governance and social culture.On the one hand,pre-Qin literature recorded that after the outbreak of plague,government would take measures which included exempting taxes and corvee,mitigating punishment,giving relief to disaster victims,sacrificing to the gods of mountains and rivers,and recording the situation of death.On the other hand,cultural rituals such as Nuo ritual and Yubu emerged during the process of people ordering shaman to prevent or treat diseases for them.