The Soviet Factor In The Construction Of The Medical And Health Care System In New China (1949-1960)

At the beginning of the founding of New China,all industries were waiting to be revived.As relations between China and the Soviet Union continued to develop healthily,a large number of Soviet experts came to China to advise on the development of the new socialist China in various fields,one of which was health care.As the founders of the people’s power,it was the duty of the Communists to serve the people.Therefore,the new China established a new approach to health work,emphasizing the’people’s nature’ and the ’masses’,and actively studied the experience of the Soviet Union in building a socialist health care system.In the process of improving the epidemic prevention system,by summing up the Soviet experience,New China established epidemic prevention institutions at all levels,standardised the epidemic prevention management system,improved the sanitary supervision system and strengthened epidemic prevention education,so that epidemic prevention work could be carried out in an orderly manner;Soviet experts also worked with Chinese experts in the prevention and treatment of virulent infectious diseases such as plague and malaria,which provided a method for China to eradicate various infectious diseases.In the process of building the industrial hygiene system,thanks to the guidance of Soviet experts,the new China took full account of hygienic elements in the design of factories,and the level of factory mechanisation was greatly improved,greatly improving the working environment for workers;combined with the Soviet experience,the new China gradually established an industrial hygiene system,strengthened research work on labour hygiene,promoted the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases,and implemented the Soviet workshop physician system,so that workers’ The life and health of workers were safeguarded.In the process of rebuilding the medical education system,with the direct assistance of Soviet experts in China,new China established a new medical education system,improved its policy on the training of health cadres,and enhanced the scientific nature of teachers’ teaching and research work.The process of learning from the Soviet medical and health experience was an all-round one for medical workers,with medical students learning Russian in general and Soviet textbooks in particular,medical personnel actively introducing Soviet medical doctrine and practising Soviet medical techniques extensively,and the Soviet medical workers’ idea of "everything for the patient" also made it possible for the new China to develop a new medical education system.The Soviet medical workers’ idea of "everything for the patient" also led to a self-education of medical workers in the new China,all of which had a significant impact on the growth and development of medical workers in China.In the process of learning from the Soviet Union’s experience in health care,the new China,on the one hand,listened humbly to relevant advice and applied proven experience;on the other hand,it also focused on incorporating its own realities,so that this learning activity did not evolve completely into a deliberate imitation by following a model or drawing a tiger from a cat.As a result of this positive learning model,the scientific nature of China’s medical and health care work was improved to a certain extent,a large number of medical workers were trained to meet the country’s needs,and the medical and health care system and medical education system were initially improved.