Study On The Impact Of Basic Medical Insurance For Urban And Rural Residents On The Death Risk Of Rural Elderly People

On October 16,2022,the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held.The meeting clearly stated that ’ promoting the construction of healthy China,putting the protection of people ’s health in a strategic position of priority development,and improving people ’s health promotion policies ’.It can be seen that paying attention to people ’s health has risen to China ’s strategic goal.At present,the problem of rural aging in China is extremely serious.The health and death risks of the elderly in rural areas pose an important challenge to the promotion of the " Healthy China Strategy." As the basic medical insurance system in rural areas,it is of great practical significance to explore its impact on reducing the risk of death of the elderly in rural areas.Therefore,based on the discussion of the above social background,this paper combines the health perspective with the security perspective to comprehensively explore the impact of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents on the death risk of rural elderly.Firstly,based on the survival analysis theory,Grossman health demand theory and social support theory,this paper constructs a theoretical model of the impact of ’participation in basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents ’ on the death risk of rural elderly;Secondly,it briefly reviews the current situation of basic medical insurance in rural areas and the death risk of rural elderly in China;Finally,in the empirical study,based on the CLHLS 2008-2018 tracking data,this paper establishes a Cox proportional hazard model to explore the impact of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents on the death risk of rural elderly.The empirical results show that urban and rural residents’ basic medical insurance significantly reduces the risk of death among rural older people,with the risk of death among insured rural older people being 47% lower than that of uninsured rural older people in the full model regression results.Moreover,the effect is heterogeneous by age,region and economic status.Using age as a classification criterion,the effect of urban and rural basic medical insurance is more significant for the younger elderly;using region as a classification criterion,the effect of urban and rural basic medical insurance is more significant for the rural elderly in the eastern region;using personal financial status as a classification criterion,the effect of urban and rural basic medical insurance is more significant for the rural elderly with financial difficulties.Finally,based on the findings of the empirical analysis,this paper proposes corresponding countermeasures in terms of improving the top-level design of the system,improving publicity and protection,narrowing the gap in medical resources between regions and actively carrying out community activities for the elderly,in order to provide a basis for the further development of basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents in China.