Study On Allergen Spectrum And Related Factors Of Adult Allergic Rhinitis Patients With AIDS In Changsha Area

Objective: To understand the characteristics and related influencing factors of allergen spectrum of adult patients with allergic rhinitis(AR)accompanied with AIDS in Changsha area.It provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of AR with AIDS in this area.Methods: A total of 132 suspected AR patients(62 AIDS patients and 70non-AIDS patients)aged 18-66 who visited the outpatient or inpatient department of Otolaryngology of Changsha First Hospital from April 2018 to November 2021 were selected.Allergen detection was performed on all patients,and a total of 95 patients were finally diagnosed with AR.Among them,45 patients in the AIDS group were diagnosed with AR(set as group A),and 50 patients in the non-AIDS group were diagnosed with AR(set as group B).The positive rate of 18 kinds of common allergen-specific IgE(s IgE),sensitization intensity,number of types of allergens,clinical symptom score(TNSS),sign grade,eosinophil(EOS)count,CD4+,CD8+T lymphocyte count and CD4+/CD8+ ratio of patients in group A were detected and recorded.The results were analyzed statistically.Results:1.The most common inhalation allergens in group A patients were tree pollen(46.7%),house dust mite(40.0%),dust mite(40.0%)and mold combination(28.9%),and the most common ingestion allergens were beef(26.7%),mutton(26.7%),shrimp(20.0%)and crab(20.0%).In group B,the most common inhalation allergens were mixed grass(46.0%),house dust mite(40.0%),tree pollen(40.0%)and dust mite(38.0%),and the most common ingested allergens were shrimp(32.0%),crab(32.0%),beef(18.0%)and mutton(18.0%).2.The positive rate of mixed grass allergen and dust mite sensitization intensity in group B were higher than those in group A,with statistical significance(P<0.05);the positive rate of nut combined allergen in group A was higher than that in group B,with statistical significance(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in the positive rate and sensitization degree of other inhaled and ingested allergens between the two groups(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the positive rate of different allergen positive species between the two groups(P>0.05),but there was significant difference in the positive rate of different allergen positive species within the two groups(P<0.05),and the number of allergen species ≥4 was the main reason.3.The clinical symptom score,sign grading and EOS count in group A were significantly lower than those in group B,and the differences between groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).4.The level of CD8+T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of group A was negatively correlated with s IgE grade,clinical symptom score and EOS(P<0.05).The level of CD4+T lymphocyte and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ in peripheral blood had no significant correlation with s IgE level(P>0.05).Conclusion:1.The allergen profiles of adult AR patients with AIDS and AR patients without AIDS in Changsha were different,and the positive rate of mixed grass and nut allergen and dust mite sensitization intensity were significantly different.2.The degree of AR symptoms and EOS level of adult AR patients with AIDS in Changsha area were lower than those of AR patients without AIDS.3.The increase of CD8+T lymphocyte level in adult AR patients with AIDS in Changsha area inhibits the onset of AR to a certain extent.