A Study Of Occupational Exposure Risk Factors For Nursing Staff

Objectives: The main risk factors for occupational exposure events are analysed to understand the types of occupational exposure risks for clinical nursing staff,their perception of each exposure risk factor,and their risk management capabilities;the main factors influencing occupational exposure risk management for nursing staff are explored.The concept of "magnet hospital" is introduced to assess the nursing practice environment and to explore and analyse the factors affecting nursing staff risk management in the organisational environment.This study provides a reference for managers to build a magnetic practice environment,improve the risk management model,enhance the quality of risk management and effectively reduce the incidence of risk events.Methods: This study explored and analyzed the direct or indirect factors for the occurrence of occupational exposure risk events through literature analysis and fishbone diagram analysis based on a clear study concept;the questionnaire survey method was used to conduct an on-site survey of 1024 clinical nursing staff who met the inclusion criteria in a tertiary-level general hospital in Dalian.The study instruments included a general information questionnaire,a questionnaire to assess the occupational exposure risk of nursing staff,a self-assessment questionnaire to assess the risk management ability of nursing staff,and the Essentials of Magnetism Scale.Statistical processing using SPSS 27.0 software,with counting data described by frequency and composition ratios;measures are described using means,standard deviations(if they conform to a normal distribution),medians,and quartiles(if they conform to a non-normal distribution).Influencing factors were analyzed using independent sample t-tests,one-way ANOVA,non-parametric test analysis,Spearman analysis,and multiple stepwise linear regression analysis.Results: 1.Nursing staff had a low perception index of occupational exposure risk,with an overall occupational exposure risk score of 197.69 ± 111.35 and a mean entry score of 11.63 ± 6.55.The mean entry scores for each dimension were,in descending order,chemical exposure risk,physical exposure risk,biological exposure risk,and psychosocial exposure risk.Univariate analysis showed that the total occupational exposure risk scores were statistically different in terms of gender,age,department,and years of work(P < 0.05).2.Among the risk factors,the top 5 risk indices were: exposure to chemical substances(disinfectants,reagents),exposure to drugs(especially chemotherapy drugs),work overload,exposure to ionizing radiation,slips,and falls,i.e.,the problem of physical and psychological injuries due to chemical and biological factors were more prominent.3.The overall risk management competency score for nursing staff was 55.00(30.00,65.00)with a mean entry score of 1.83(1.00,2.17),at a moderate to low level.Risk preparation,response,post-event recovery,and risk assessment were ranked in descending order.The results of the univariate analysis showed that the total risk management level scores were statistically different in terms of various sections(P < 0.001).4.A total of 42 departments completed the survey in this study,and there were differences in the level of nursing magnetism between departments;4 departments in the high-level category,31 departments in the medium-level category,and 7 departments in the lowlevel category.Univariate analysis showed that the total risk management scores were statistically different across magnetic levels(P < 0.001).5.Spearman correlation analysis showed that the nursing staff risk management was significantly and positively correlated with all dimensions of departmental nursing magnetism(r=0.773,P<0.01).It was concluded that the higher the departmental magnetism level and the healthier the nursing work environment,the better its risk management level.6.Multiple regression analysis showed that the three variables of the magnetic concept of autonomy in nursing,cultural values,and health care relationship ended up in the regression equation,explaining a total of 62.6% of the variance in the level of risk management of nursing staff.Conclusion: Based on the findings,a theoretical discussion of the factors influencing the level of risk management is conducted,and countermeasures are proposed at the levels of government,organizational environment,and individual caregivers.(1)Recommendations from the government and health administration authorities: Promote legislation on occupational exposure management and technical standards for protection,and give policy support and protection for relevant research and discipline construction.Competent health administrative departments should carry out their supervisory responsibilities and strengthen their supervision in implementing risk management work in medical institutions at all levels.(2)Recommendations from medical institution managers: Establish a sound medical risk management system,improve the workflow and emergency handling plans for each stage of risk management,and clarify the responsibilities of personnel in each department.Establish an in-hospital risk management information monitoring system to dynamically monitor,compare and analyse data;intervene to prevent key risk factors in conjunction with continuous quality improvement in risk management.Emphasis is placed on the construction of a hospital safety culture,with a good safety atmosphere and organisational support to help nursing staff develop risk awareness and actively participate in risk management and decision-making,thereby enhancing the level of management competence of nursing staff.(3)Recommendations for nursing staff: Strengthen education on the risks of occupational exposure and improve the identification,assessment,treatment,and feedback recovery of various risk factors;strictly implement risk management norms and enforce various protective standard measures during practice.Actively maintain physical and mental health,adopt multiple ways to regulate biological and psychological stress,improve poor lifestyle habits,and maintain optimal physical and mental health.