| BackgroundIn the process of clinical practice,health worker may often face a variety of physiological and psychological hazards,and occupational security is increasingly lacking.Among them,the risk with high occurrence frequency and high severity is the key factor affecting the occupational risk perception level of health worker,and is the main driving force causing the rise of occupational crisis perception.The higher occupational risk perception level of health worker will affect the quality of medical services they provide,thus hindering the long-term development of hospitals.In addition,the implementation of occupational risk prevention measures for medical personnel in hospitals is not adequate so far,with the strength of occupational protection for medical personnel is insufficient.Considering the high professional risk facing the medical personnel,hospitals should be focused on the serious risk awareness of health worker,consider how to provide medical staff with more comprehensive,more targeted career risk prevention and response,provide medical personnel with rich professional risk response to help,improve medical staff’s job security.ObjectivesThrough investigating the status quo of occupational risk cognition of medical personnel and related occupational protection needs,this study aims to help the relevant management departments of the hospital to implement precise intervention according to the key occupational risk categories,key groups and key needs,enhance the risk management of hospitals,and improve the occupational security and happiness of medical,nursing and technical personnel.MethodsIn this study,a third-grade hospital in Shandong Province as the research site,and the investigation objects were clinicians,nursing staff and medical technicians.From October to December of 2020,an online questionnaire survey was conducted for medical personnel with "Questionnaire on the Status Quo and Related Needs of Occupational Risk Perception of Medical Personnel" as the research tool.The occupational risk assessment part was quoted from "Occupational Risk Cognization Scale" compiled by Feng Miao.SPSS22.0 data software was used for data analysis.The scores of each item in the six dimensions of the Occupational Risk Cognization Scale were standardized using a ten-point scale.The standardized calculation formula was:item standardized score=(actual score of item/highest score of item)x 10.Standardized mean was used to describe the scores of different dimensions.T-test,analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to analyze the differences in scores of different demographics.Optimal scale regression analysis was used to explore the influencing factors of different dimensions.ResultsA total of 464 questionnaires were collected from the formal survey in this study,of which 13 were invalid,and a total of 451 were included,with an effective recovery rate of 97.2%.The specific results are as follows:(1)Scale dimension score:in the occupational risk perception possibility scale,social passing risk scored the highest(7.77 points),and social passing risk was the risk society that medical personnel thought was most likely to occur.In the severity scale,the scores of disputes and conflicts were the highest(8.53 points),and the risk of disputes and conflicts was the risk that medical personnel thought had the most serious consequences.(2)Analysis of influencing factors in each dimension:there was no statistical significance in occupational exposure scores of medical personnel with different demographic characteristics.Job category was the main influencing factor of workload risk(all P<0.05).Clinicians believed that workload risk was most likely to occur and the severity of the consequences was the highest.The optimal scale regression results showed that job category and marital status were the main influencing factors of personal development risk,patient safety risk,dispute and conflict risk perception level(all P<0.05),among which clinicians and married people had higher risk perception level.The regression results showed that age,marital status and job category were the main factors affecting the level of risk perception of social transfer,and the elderly,married people and clinicians had higher level of risk perception..(3)satisfaction and demand analysis:the medical staff to hospital higher satisfaction with the current risk management measures,the occupational protection requirements of the top six were salary compensation system,improve the security and law office and other related departments of medical accident disputes/response speed,reasonable scheduling,and holiday system,fair and reasonable title evaluation mechanism,the purchase of Medical Liability Insurance,superior leadership and colleagues of concern and strong support,and to become the most unsatisfied with the current measures before six content consistent.There is a difference of satisfaction and occupational protection between Clinical doctors,nurses and technicians,clinical doctors and nurses have strong demand for improving the strength of the response of the hospital departments,technicians have strong demand for additional psychological counseling team.Thus when provide occupational protection service,hospitals should consider different job categories of medical staff with specific occupational protection,raise their job security.Conclusions and recommendationsThe risk of dispute and conflict and the risk of social transfer have a significant impact on the occupational risk perception of health workers,and clinicians have a strong sensitivity to occupational risk perception.Focus on the occupational risk issues with greater impact which are"sharp instrument injury","forced working position","unreasonable salary system and professional title evaluation mechanism","patient safety issues restrict trying new methods","disputes caused by information asymmetry" and"expenses caused by unsound medical system".In addition,clinicians and married people that with higher risk perception were given priority protection.Medical staff have a high degree of satisfaction with the current protective measures in hospitals,but there is still room for improvement.At the same time,there is a strong demand for occupational protection,and the protective measures against occupational risks in hospitals need to be further strengthened.Combined with the above results,hospitals should consider targeted occupational protection for medical personnel in different job categories to enhance their job security.To sum up,put forward the following countermeasures and suggestions:(1)Establish a humanity-centered hospital image to break down the barriers to doctor-patient communication and internal communication;(2)Establish a fair and reasonable salary distribution system to fully reflect the labor technical value of medical personnel;(3)Establish a scientific and flexible shift scheduling system to reasonably reduce the burden on medical personnel;(4)Establish a fair and just professional title evaluation system to stimulate the development potential of employees;(5)Improve the effective,timely and safe risk management system to improve the occupational security of health worker. |
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