Analysis Of Influencing Factors Of Depressive Mood In Pregnancy And The Application Of Different Intervention Measures

1 BackgroundWomen experience great physical and psychological changes during pregnancy,due to factors such as changes in hormone levels in the body,physiological reactions during pregnancy,and role changes,so they are prone to depression.The global prevalence of depression during pregnancy is between 15%and 65%.Previous studies have shown that depression during pregnancy not only negatively affects the birth outcomes of newborns,but also increases the risk of emotional or behavioral disorders in offspring.Early detection and intervention are required.Therefore,it is of great significance to find risk factors that may affect depression during pregnancy to provide reference for precise intervention.With the liberalization of the "two-child" and "three-child" policies,women’s willingness to bear children and their childbearing age have changed,and some related factors that affect pregnant women’s psychology,such as society,family,and economy,have also changed.Based on this background,this study intends to investigate the current status of depression in pregnant women and analyze related influencing factors,and further explore the effects of different interventions on improving depression in pregnancy,in order to provide a reference for follow-up clinical intervention.2 Objective(1)Investigate the status of depression in pregnant women,and further analyze the influencing factors that may be related to depression during pregnancy.(2)Use mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy,single session counseling model and routine health education to intervene in women with depression during pregnancy，and explore the effects of different interventions on improving women’s depression during pregnancy,improving psychological well-being and reducing postpartum depression scores.3 MethodsThis study is divided into two parts:Part Ⅰ Analysis of incidence rate and influencing factors of depression in pregnant womenBy using the convenient sampling method,3159 pregnant women who were filed in the obstetric clinic of the Southern Hospital of the Southern Medical University from June 2021 to March 2022 were selected as the survey objects.The survey was conducted using the general data questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,and the influencing factors of depression during pregnancy were analyzed by logistic regression.Part Ⅱ Application research of different intervention measures to improve depression in pregnant womenUsing a randomized controlled trial method,recruit women with a score of≥10 on the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale in Part Ⅰ,and randomly divide them into a mindfulness-based stress reduction group,a single session counseling model group,and a routine health education group for intervention.The application effect was evaluated by comparing the depression scores and psychological well-being scores of the three groups of women before the intervention,after the intervention and 42 days after delivery.4 Results(1)The detection rate of depression during pregnancy was 15.07%.(2)Unintended pregnancy(OR:1.38,95%CI:1.05～1.81),history of dysmenorrhea before pregnancy(OR:1.28,95%CI:1.02～1.60),history of premenstrual tension before pregnancy(OR:2.52,95%CI:1.82～3.49),dissatisfaction with sleep quality(OR:2.12,95%CI:1.68～2.67),conflict between mother-in-law and daughter-in-law(OR:2.09,95%CI:1.54～2.85),introversion(OR:6.36,95%CI:4.54～8.92),moderate personality(OR:1.34,95%CI:1.01～1.77),high expectations for the sex of the fetus(OR:2.82,95%CI:1.68～4.74),experienced negative life events during pregnancy(OR:4.02,95%CI:2.53-6.40)are independent risk factors for depression in pregnant women.(3)A repeated measures analysis of variance was performed on the depression scores of the three groups of women at different time points.The results showed that after the intervention and 42 days after delivery,the depression scores of the women in the mindfulness-based stress reduction group and the single session counseling model group were significantly lower than those in the routine health education group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the depression level scores of women in the mindfulness-based stress reduction group and the single session counseling model group(P>0.05).(4)The generalized estimating equation was used to analyze the psychological well-being scores of the three groups of women.The results showed that the time effect and the time × group interaction effect had statistically significant differences(P<0.05),But there was no statistical difference between the groups(P>0.05).5 Conclusions(1)At present,the incidence of depression in pregnant women is still at a relatively high level.Affected by various factors,medical institutions should pay more attention to depression in pregnancy.It is recommended that screening for depression during pregnancy should be included in routine prenatal checkups.Corresponding interventions should be given for different causes of depression during pregnancy.(2)Both mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy and the single session counseling model can improve depression during pregnancy and reduce postpartum depression scores.In clinical work,medical staff can use different psychological intervention methods according to women’s needs and wishes to help them better regulate their depression.