| Objectives1.To investigate the current situation of workplace bullying among nurses and to analyze the factors influencing it.2.To explore the relationship between workplace bullying,adversity quotient,social support,coping style and mental health among nurses.3.To construct a pathway model of the role of workplace bullying on psychological wellbeing for nurses based on stress systems theory and to explore the potential mechanisms by which workplace bullying affects psychological well-being for nurses.Methods1.Using a convenience sampling method,nurses were recruited for the study in seven hospitals in Yangzhou City in April 2022 and questionnaires were pushed out in the form of questionnaire stars for anonymous online responses.2.The general information questionnaire,the Chinese version of the Negative Acts Questionnaire Revised(NAQ-R),the nurses’ adversity quotient self-evaluation scale,12-Item General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-12),Trait Coping Style Questionnaire(TCSQ)and Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)were used to assesses nurses’ level of workplace bullying,adversity quotient,mental health,coping style and social support.3.The data was exported directly through the Wenjuanxing and the submitted questionnaires were carefully checked by two people and the SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0 software were used for statistical analysis.Statistical methods included:descriptive analysis,independent sample t-test,one-way ANOVA,correlation analysis,multiple linear regression,and structural equation modelling analysis.ResultsA total of 1259 questionnaires were recovered,299 invalid questionnaires were eliminated,and a total of 960 valid questionnaires were obtained,with an effective rate of 76.25%.The results of effective data analysis showed:1.Current situation and influencing factors of workplace bullying among nursesIn this survey,the total score of NAQ-R for nurses was 30.00(25.00,36.00),which was at the average level,311(32.40%)nurses experienced workplace bullying,of which 5(0.52%)nurses experienced severe workplace bullying.NAQ-R scored 12.00(10.00,15.00)for the individual-related negative behavior dimension,11.00(9.00,14.00)for work-related negative behavior,and 6.00(5.00,8.00)for the organizational injustice dimension.Univariate analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the effect of different genders and hospital grades on the total NAQ-R score(P>0.05).The differences in age,marital status,working years,educational background,professional title and personnel relationship of nurses were statistically significant(P<0.05).The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,education,title,marital status and personnel relationship were independent predictors of workplace bullying among nurses(P<0.05).2.The relationship between workplace bullying of nurses,adversity quotient,social support,coping style and mental healthIn this survey,the nurses’ adversity quotient score was(129.37±36.29),which was at the upper middle level,and the scores of four dimensions were adversity control(33.46±10.63),adversity attribution(21.57±6.87),adversity influence(41.85±11.76)and adversity tolerance(32.48±9.63).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that the scores of NAQ-R and each dimension of nurses were positively correlated with the scores of adversity quotient and each dimension,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total score of SSRS for nurses was(41.81±8.04),the subjective support score was(23,86±5.11),the objective support score was(10.16± 3.16),and the utilization of support was(7.79±1.91).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that nurses’ NAQ-R and each dimension score were negatively correlated with SSRS and each dimension score,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total score of positive response was(32.34±5.55)and the total score of negative response was(27.75±6.22).Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that nurses’ NAQ-R and various dimension scores were positively correlated with negative coping scores.There was a negative correlation with the positive response score,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The total score of nurses’ GHQ-12 was 8.00(6.00,10.00),with 2.50%of low risk,2.81%of intermediate risk and 94.69%of high risk,Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that nurses’ NAQ-R and various dimensions were negatively correlated with GHQ-12,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.Construction of the effect path model of nurses’ workplace bullying on mental health based on stress system theory.Based on the stress system theory,the structural equation model of the effect path of workplace bullying of nurses on mental health was constructed,and the results showed that the model fit was good,and the fitting indexes:χ2/df=4.736,RMSEA=0.062,AGFI=0.940,GFI=0.964,CFI=0.977,NFI=0.971.The indirect impact pathways in the role path model of nurses’ workplace bullying on mental health include the following four pathways:(1)workplace bullying→ adversity quotient→ mental health(indirect effect:0.237);(2)workplace bullying→adversity quotient→ negative coping→ mental health(indirect effect:0.090);(3)workplace bullying adversity quotient→social support→mental health(indirect effect:-0.079)(4)workplace bullying→adversity quotient→ social support→negative coping→mental health(indirect effect:0.016).Further using the Bootstrap method to test the significance of indirect effects,5000 repeated sampling were performed,and the results showed that 95%CI of bias-corrected indirect effects did not contain 0,indicating that indirect effects were significant.Conclusions1.Nurses have a higher incidence of workplace bullying,with age,education,job title,marital status and personnel relationship being the main influencing factors.2.There is a correlation between workplace bullying,adversity quotient,social support,coping styles and mental health among nurses.3.Workplace bullying of nurses directly predicted mental health levels;Workplace bullying of nurses could affect mental health through adversity mediation;Workplace bullying of nurses could affect mental health through the chain of adversity quotient-social support;Workplace bullying of nurses could affect mental health through the chain mediation effect of adversity quotient-negative coping;Workplace bullying of nurses could affect mental health through multiple mediating effects of adversity quotient-social support-negative coping.Workplace bullying was an important factor affecting nurses’ mental health,leading to physical,emotional and professional destruction of individuals. |
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