A Preliminary Study On The Reform Of The Course Content Of Hospital Infection Prevention And Control For Nursing Undergraduates

Objective:This study intends to use questionnaire surveys,semi-structured interviews and Delphi expert consultation methods to compare and analyze the influencing factors of hospital infection prevention and control for nursing undergraduate students and combines the survey results and literature from other countries to construct a nurse-oriented nursing undergraduates hospital infection control curriculum.This curriculum can not only raise awareness of hospital infection prevention and control of nursing undergraduates,but also provide a reference for the education of hospital infection prevention and control for nursing undergraduates.Methods:Questionnaire survey: A random sampling method was used to select 258 undergraduate nursing interns from five medical universities in Shanxi Province who ended the internship assignment at the hospital from April 2020 to April 2021 as the research objects.And then self-made questionnaires(including personal information,hospital infections prevention and control knowledge,attitudes,practice,etc.)were used to understand the status of hospital infection prevention and control ability of nursing undergraduate interns and influencing factors.The collected data were put into Excel software,and SPSS 25.0 was used for statistical analysis.Semi-structural interview method: Using quality research methods,the topic group conducted discussion throughout the previous status survey and review relevant domestic and foreign-related literature,and then finally determined the semi-structural interview.To deeply understand the attitudes and needs of clinical nurses to the curriculum of hospital infection prevention and control,clinical nurses were interviewed.According to the information saturation principle,fifteen nurses were included in the study.And then following Colaizzi’s seven-step analysis method,fifteen recordings were transcribed into words,and the subject headings were extracted from them.Finally a pool of entries in the questionnaires of the expert letters was formed.The Delphi Expert Consultation Method: Based on the preliminary investigation results and literature review,an entry pool of hospital infection prevention and control courses for nursing undergraduates was initially formed.After repeated discussions by the research group,a content system for hospital infection prevention and control courses for nursing undergraduates was further formulated.And then 21 experts from nursing administration,nursing education and hospital infection management were invited to use the Delphi expert consultation method to conduct two rounds of correspondence inquiries on the content system of the hospital infection prevention and control course for nursing undergraduates.Finally the specific content of the hospital infection prevention and control course for nursing undergraduates was determined.Results:1.An analysis of the current status and influencing factors of hospital infection prevention and control ability of nursing undergraduate interns.In this study,among 258 undergraduate nursing interns,229 were women and 29 were men,with an average age of 22.53±1.08.The scores of hospital infection prevention and control ability of nursing undergraduate interns were at a medium level,and the proportions of those who obtained full marks in knowledge(K),attitudes(A),and practice(P)of hospital infection prevention and control of nursing undergraduate interns were: K(0),P(24.90%)and A(62.65%).The proportions of people with scores ≥60%from low to high were: K(6.43%),P(87.95%)and A(97.19%).Gender,internship time,and hospital teaching function were the main factors influencing the ability of hospital infection prevention and control of nursing undergraduate interns.2.Interview results of clinical nurses’ attitudes and needs on the curriculum of infection hospital prevention and control of nursing undergraduates.This interview has a total of three topics and 8 sub-themes.(1)Reasons for the necessity of setting up hospital infection courses for nursing undergraduates: lack of knowledge and incorrect operations of nursing interns in nursing work;necessary trends in the post-epidemic era;(2)Demand for teaching form of hospital infection prevention and control courses for nursing undergraduates: setting up a compulsory course on hospital infection prevention and control for nursing undergraduate students;combining with actual case simulation teaching;equally using online and offline education.(3)Nursing undergraduates’ hospital infection prevention and control courses content requirements: the top priority for standard prevention;mastering emergency public health incident handling methods;increasing some skills about the humanities and communication during hospital prevention and control appropriately.3.Consultation result of expert letters on the content construction of hospital infection prevention and control course for nursing undergraduates.This study has carried out two rounds of expert inquiries: the expert’s positive coefficient is 95.50%,100.00% respectively,the expert authority is 0.82±0.120 、0.84±0.111 separately,the variation coefficient is 0.133,0.125.The second round Kendall W is 0.218,0.317 respectively,and expert opinions tend to be consistent after two rounds of entertainment.By discussing expert inquiries and repeated amendments,eventually a content system of hospital infection prevention and control courses for nursing undergraduates with 7 first-level items and 39 second-level items is formed,including overview,basic hospital infection prevention and control measures,multi-drug resistant bacteria and antibacterial drug management,and invasive infections preventive measures,occupational exposure and protection of medical staff,prevention and control of hospital infections in public health emergencies,humanistic care in the prevention and control of hospital infections,etc.Conclusion:1.The ability of intern nurses to prevent and control hospital infections is at an intermediate level and needs to be improved.It is recommended that nursing educators should pay more attention to the knowledge education of hospital infection prevention and control of nursing students,.And then they should revise the attitude of nursing undergraduate interns,reasonably arrange internship time,and improve the teaching level of non-directly affiliated hospitals,to enhance the ability of hospital infection prevention and control of nursing undergraduate interns.2.Clinical nurses alike do agree that it is necessary to provide hospital infection prevention and control courses for nursing students at the undergraduate level.At the same time,in the context of normalization of epidemic prevention and control,combined with clinical nursing work,there are different needs for teaching methods and course content.It is suggested that medical colleges and universities adopt multi-mode teaching methods to construct the hospital infection prevention and control curriculum of nursing undergraduates,thereby improving the awareness of hospital infection prevention and control of them.3.Delphi expert consultation method is used to construct a more comprehensive content system of hospital infection prevention and control courses for nursing undergraduates in this research,including7 first-level items and 39 second-level items,which will provide experience references for nursing educators to compile higher medical education teaching materials for sensory control or to integrate relevant contents of sensory control into existing textbooks.