Study On The Influence Of Mental Health On Labor Supply Of Middle-aged And Elderly People

Labor resources were once an important source of power for China’s economic development and progress.However,with the change of China’s population structure,the development of demographic dividend is becoming more and more difficult,the aging trend is becoming more and more obvious,the birth rate is declining,and the available labor resources are shrinking.In the short run,the reduction of labor resources will hinder the development and progress of China’s industries,especially labor-intensive industries.In the long run,as a populous country that once benefited from the population,labor shortage will affect the stability of long-term economic development.In view of the current labor shortage,China’s labor market policy should be appropriately adjusted to adapt to the current situation.In the past,China mainly focused on youth groups,but from the current population situation,the shortage of youth labor force is not a fact that can be changed in the short term.Therefore,we should turn our attention to the middle-aged and elderly groups with labor potential.At present,there are many middle-aged and elderly people who are outstanding in knowledge,skills and experience.They still have the opportunity to give play to their waste heat in some fields.China can explore the possibility of improving the level of labor supply from this perspective.In a large number of studies on the labor supply of middle-aged and elderly groups,mental health is a factor that scholars pay little attention to.However,the relevant data show that there is a significant correlation between the mental health of middle-aged and elderly groups and labor supply.This paper focuses on this issue and carries out empirical research.Firstly,this paper explains the research background and significance of this problem,and introduces the practical basis and significance of this research.Then this paper introduces the specific research contents and methods,summarizes the past literature,and analyzes the innovation of this paper.The last part is the empirical research part.This paper selects the samples aged 45 and over in the charls2018 survey data,leaving a total of 15312 samples after eliminating null and invalid values.In the part of econometric analysis,this paper uses logit model and Tobit model to analyze whether to participate in labor and labor supply time,and uses stata15.1 as data analysis software.For the research on the relationship between mental health of middle-aged and elderly people and whether they participate in labor,because labor participation is a binary variable,it is mainly analyzed by logit model.For the problems of mental health and labor supply time,Tobit model is mainly used for empirical analysis.Based on this,the samples of middle-aged and elderly people were grouped according to gender,registered residence(urban and rural)and age groups,and heterogeneous research was conducted.The empirical results show that:Mental non-health tendency will affect the labor supply of the middle-aged and elderly,which is mainly manifested in reducing the proportion of labor participation and reducing labor time.Second,according to the analysis of the sample of registered residence group,the psychological unhealthy tendency will reduce the probability of rural middle and old age groups to participate in labor and reduce their working hours,but it has no obvious effect on the participation of urban elderly groups in labor and labor time.Third,from the results of sample analysis grouped by gender,mental non-health tendency will reduce the probability of male middle-aged and elderly groups participating in labor and reduce their working hours,but it has no obvious impact on whether female middle-aged and elderly groups participate in labor and working hours.Fourth,the mental health of middle-aged men is significantly affected by the mental health of middle-aged men.For women,the middle-aged labor supply behavior is greatly affected by mental health,but the elderly are no longer significantly affected by mental non-health tendency.In view of the above empirical research,this paper puts forward several suggestions from the perspective of improving the mental health status of the middleaged and elderly groups and preventing the influence of mental unhealthy tendencies on the labor supply of the middle-aged and elderly: first,we should strengthen the prevention and monitoring of mental health problems of the middle-aged and elderly groups,second,we should strengthen publicity and improve the channels of diagnosis and treatment of mental health problems.In addition,we should increase mental health improvement activities for the middle-aged and the elderly,launch reasonable measures to encourage the middle-aged and the elderly to strengthen social participation,and give special attention and assistance to the middle-aged and the elderly who are in a vulnerable position in terms of mental health.At the same time,we also need to implement the relevant responsibilities of enterprises and institutions,supplement and improve the employment protection mechanism for the middle-aged and elderly,and safeguard the rights and interests of the middle-aged and elderly.