BackgroundAt present,myopia prevention and control has been upgraded to a national strategy.As an important part of myopia prevention and control in schools,the relevant national policies have clearly required the strengthening of school medical office construction and myopia prevention and control medicine and equipment configuration.Shandong Province has the third highest number of children and adolescents in the country,and the task of prevention and control is particularly arduous.At present,there are few empirical studies on the myopia prevention and control capacity of school medical offices,and there is a lack of basic data.ObjectivesIn this study,we investigated the construction of infirmaries,the development of myopia prevention and control in primary and secondary schools in Shandong Province,the knowledge level of school doctors in myopia prevention and control,and the availability of relevant medical devices,analyzed the factors affecting the configuration of infirmaries and the knowledge level of school doctors,and provided basic data support and relevant policy recommendations to promote myopia prevention and control in schools.MethodsQuestionnaires were designed through policy combing,literature review and multidisciplinary expert consultation to identify 14 types of myopia prevention and control medications in 4 categories and 7 myopia knowledge questions.Data were collected using a multi-stage stratified sampling method,and an online questionnaire survey was conducted in July 2021 in primary and secondary schools in Shandong Province,collecting 4395 school questionnaires,755 medical office questionnaires and 806 school physician questionnaires,respectively.Means,rates and composition ratios were used for descriptive analysis,statistical inference was performed using the χ2,and ordered multicategorical logistic regression was used for multifactor analysis.Data collation and analysis were done using Excel 2019 and SPSS 26.0 software.Results and RecommendationsThe myopia rate among children and adolescents in Shandong Province is high,and the trend of myopia at a younger age is obvious,and the situation of prevention and control is still serious.The overall myopia rate of students in the sample schools is 51.3%,and the rate is increasing as the grade level increases.The overall configuration rate of school infirmaries in Shandong Province is not high,and the actual configuration rate is about 16.7%.In east-central cities,the deployment rate of infirmaries is relatively higher than in the west;the proportion of elementary school without school doctors and school infirmaries is 45.2%;the deployment rate of infirmaries from elementary school to high schools is increasing;the deployment rate of infirmaries and school doctors in urban schools is significantly higher than in rural areas;the deployment rate of infirmaries in boarding schools is higher than in non-boarding schools;private schools are higher than public schools;the more students are enrolled,the higher the deployment rate of school infirmaries and school doctors.The higher the number of students,the higher the deployment rate of school infirmaries and school doctors.The average myopia knowledge score of school doctors in Shandong Province was 4.0±1.5(7 questions out of 7).School doctors in the eastern region,junior and senior high school,urban,female,with medical-related background and long working years scored higher in myopia prevention and control knowledge.Full-time school doctors had better myopia knowledge than part-time school doctors and health teachers;school doctors with a medical practitioner certificate scored significantly higher in myopia knowledge than groups with other qualifications.In general,school medical offices in Shandong Province have a high deployment rate of basic screening devices(paper vision chart and vision chart light box),while the deployment of other pharmacological devices is at a low level.The east central region has a higher rate of pharmacological equipment configuration than the west;high school has a more complete configuration of pharmacological equipment compared to the elementary and middle school stages,but for preventive aids,elementary schools have a higher configuration rate than middle and high schools.The myopia rate of children and adolescents in Shandong Province is still at a high level.The configuration of school medical offices is not optimistic,and the myopia prevention and control knowledge of the school doctor group needs to be improved,and attention should still be paid to the school doctor group in the western rural areas and in schools at lower education levels.Although the basic myopia prevention and control pharmacological equipment is relatively complete,the configuration rate of other types of pharmacological equipment is low,and there are large differences between regions and schools.Based on the above findings,the study makes the following recommendations:construct a comprehensive myopia prevention and control model,make a good balance of academic increase and decrease,and curb the growth of myopia;focus on schools in western rural areas,and strengthen the deployment of medical offices through a variety of ways such as independent recruitment,school medical office trusteeship,community health center cooperation and hospital assignment;include school doctors in the training of primary doctors,and conduct targeted training on school health work;introduce different The recommended principles of myopia prevention and control medicine and equipment configuration for different types of schools,and give moderate support to gradually improve the configuration level. |