| The long-term intensive exploitation and utilization of our country’s cultivated land has produced grave problems such as decreased cultivated land fertility and a decline in soil quality,aimed at meeting rising people’s demands for high quality agricultural products and securing the country’s security of food as well as its supply of agricultural products.Meanwhile,traditional models of high input,high output and high pollution tillage have also resulted in environmental damage,biodiversity decline and less efficient agricultural production,according to the report."Green development" is one of the important agricultural development goals proposed by the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.Therefore,a reduction of agricultural input and the of efficiency-enhancing technology should be encouraged as a means of improving the performance and quality of farm production.The shift is imperative.In 2022,the Central Document No.1 called for "comprehensive implementation of cultivated land protection projects and the promotion of conservation tillage models".In modern agriculture,the mode of conservation tillage is one of the important technology systems in agriculture.It includes returning to the fields for straw and mulching,and also for no-tillage and reduced tillage.The method of conservation tillage enables soil structure improvement and enhanced soil organic content.Recently,a small amount of advance was made in the promotion of this kind of technology in our country.The country’s agricultural land suitable for implementing this technology reached 11,333.33 sq.km as of end-2015,accounting for some 13.6% of the total agricultural land,though there was still a wide gap with countries that are higher in conservation tillage technology.Farmers are the main adopters,users and beneficiaries of conservation tillage techniques,so we should pay attention to their dominant position in the promotion and application of conservation tillage techniques.In view of this,this paper takes the adoption behavior of farmers’ conservation tillage technology as the main research subject,supported by the survey results of 385 farmers in the Jianghan Plain,and based on the analysis of farmers’ conservation tillage technology adoption behavior and policy incentives,constructs the "Adoption Decision ——Satisfaction Evaluation” analysis framework,and gradually expanded.First,based on social embeddedness theory,binary Logistic analysis is used to analyze the factors that affect farmers’ adoption of conservation tillage technology.Secondly,for the farmers whose adoption decision is"yes",an evaluation index system for farmers’ adoption of conservation tillage technology is constructed from the three dimensions of technical usefulness,technical ease of use and technical availability,and the comprehensive satisfaction of farmers is measured.Finally,based on the evaluation index system of farmer households’ satisfaction with conservation tillage technology,the structural hierarchy of farmer satisfaction evaluation factors was analyzed through the Interpretive Structural Model(ISM).The main research conclusions are summarized as follows:(1)Among the key factors affecting the adoption decision of farmers’ conservation tillage technology,the respondents are double-influenced by two factors: the autonomous factors reflected by personal characteristics and family characteristics,and the embedded factors reflected by government policies and social networks.Influencing factors for individuals and families include: years of farming,family size,agricultural income ratio,and arable land area;influencing factors for policy embedding and social network embedding include: closeness of contact,policy attention,trust in laws and regulations,technical training and government promotion efforts.(2)The comprehensive satisfaction evaluation of farmers on conservation tillage technology is "average",with a score of 2.7244.Farmers are satisfied with the ease of use of the technology,and think that the conservation tillage technology is easy to operate and easy to learn.Farmers also affirmed the technology’s role in improving the ecological environment and soil quality,and believed that it was conducive to social progress and environmental protection.However,farmers are not satisfied with the economic benefits and labor saving brought by the technology,because the effect of technology to increase production is not obvious,and there are certain risks and difficulties.Farmers are the most dissatisfied with the availability of technology,with an average value of only 2.372,mainly due to poor government promotion,lack of training information,and insufficient external support.(3)Farmers’ satisfaction with conservation tillage technology,which is a practice that maintains plant residues on at least 30% of the soil surface after tillage activities1,is influenced by multiple factors.These factors not only act independently,but also interact with each other to form a complete system of satisfaction.Among them,farmers’ economic and land resource endowments are the most important factors,which directly affect how satisfied farmers are with adopting conservation tillage technology.Other factors include farmers’ participation in cooperatives,their concurrent employment,and the number of family workers,which are in the middle layer of the system.The lowest layer of the system consists of factors such as village cadres,family members’ health status,and household head’s age,which indirectly affect farmers’ satisfaction through the middle layer.To improve farmers’ satisfaction with conservation tillage technology,it is necessary to consider farmers’ personal characteristics as the source,and the relationship between external organizations as the mediator,and to enhance farmers’ economic and land resource endowment as the goal.According to the above research results,the following policy recommendations are put forward: promote the innovation of conservation tillage technology,build an agricultural technology innovation system centered on the needs of farmers,and take the ease of use,usefulness and availability of conservation tillage technology as innovation goals;strengthen To publicize and educate farmers on their cultural quality,establish and improve the education system for farmers,carry out education and training for farmers according to local conditions,broaden their horizons,and improve their cultural and technological level.Regularly organize on-site technical guidance activities such as technical training,expert lectures,and technical experts’ guidance to the countryside to enhance farmers’ direct perception of conservation tillage technology;improve the subsidy mechanism and establish a conservation tillage compensation mechanism.The government should establish a complete conservation tillage technique Subsidy policy system,improve the technical subsidy standard of conservation tillage to make it more in line with the actual cost and benefit.Government support should be more scientific and sustainable,and financial means can be considered etc.to ensure continuity in the use of funds.Developing professional agricultural cooperation organizations and improving the organizational level of farmers. |
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