Study On The Mechanism Of Gelsemium Elegans Alkaloids On Lipid Oxidation Response In Piglets

Gelsemium Elegans(GE)is an evergreen woody lianas of the genus Gelsemium in the Loganiaceae family.As the main active ingredient,alkaloids of Gelsemium elegans have antiinflammatory,sedative,and growth-promoting effects,it can improve the growth performance and immune capacity of livestock and poultry,and alleviate the stimulation of internal and external environment.Previous studies have found that the Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ(PPARD)was closely associated with fat metabolism.Angiopoietin-like 4(ANGPTL4),which inhibited the clearance of plasma Triglyceride(TG)mediated by Lipoprotein lipase(LPL)interacted with PPARD.Oxidative products of muscle lipids can damage normal functions of body cells and essential impact on animal health and meat quality.Therefore,this paper aimed to investigate the mechanism of lipid oxidation reaction of Gelsemium elegans alkaloids on piglets muscle regulated by fatty acids through PPARD and ANGPTL4 and related pathways.Sixty-four weaned piglets were selected and divided into four groups according to body weight,with 16 piglets in each group.The blank control group were fed the basal diet.The low dose group,medium dose group and high dose group were supplemented with 25 mg,50 mg and 100 mg alkaloids of Gelsemium elegans per kilogram of basal diet for 28 days.After the experiment,the average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)of piglets were recorded.Five piglets of each group were slaughtered to collect the intestine and longest dorsal muscle.Intestine length was measured and its histomorphological observation was performed.The results showed,compared with blank control group,middle and high dose groups could increase ADG and decrease F/G of weaned piglets(P < 0.05),there was no difference in the ratio of each intestinal length to total intestinal length(P > 0.05).The villi height of duodenum and jejunum in the middle dose group and high dose group was higher(P < 0.05),villi of jejunum were neat and dense.Meanwhile,the changes of ANGPTL4,PPARD,KLF10,LPL,CYP7A1,PDK4,SLC22A5,and HMG-Co A differential proteins and related genes in longissimus dorsi muscle were studied by q RT-PCR,enzyme linked immunosorbtion assay,western blot and immunohistochemical analysis.The results showed,PPARD,LPL and CYP7A1 expression was significantly down-regulated,ANGPTL4,PDK4,KLF10,SLC22A5 and HMG-Co A expression was up-regulated in each dose group.The alkaloids of Gelsemium elegan could not only regulate the activities of antioxidative and pro-oxidative enzymes.The effect on induction of longissimus dorsi muscle may be counteracted by down-regulation mediated by LPL,which promotes plasma TG to provide energy for muscle formation and reduces longissimus dorsi muscle lipid oxidation.The above results partly indicate that the Gelsemium elegans alkaloids may induce the interaction between ANGPTL4 and PPARD by influencing fat metabolism in piglets,and then regulate lipid oxidation in muscle(e.g.longissimus dorsi muscle).In conclusion,this paper studied the effects of Gelsemium elegans alkaloids on growth performance of weaned piglets,and the lipid oxidation reaction mechanism of Gelsemium elegans alkaloids on longissimus dorsi muscle of piglets regulated by fatty acids through PPARD and ANGPTL4,providing reference for further study of Gelsemium elegans alkaloids action mechanism,and providing experimental basis for developing it as a new veterinary drug.