Research On Livelihood Security Policies For Retired Fishermen

In order toprotect theecological environment and aquaticresources of the Yangtze River,since 2020,the state has implemented a 10-year ban on fishing in "one river,two lakes and seven rivers" and 335 aquatic biological reserves in the Yangtze River Basin.The goal of this plan is to effectively protect aquatic biological resources in the Yangtze River basin and rejuvenate the overloaded rivers,lakes and reservoirs.Banning fishing is an important measure to protect the Yangtze River,which can not only protect fish resources,but also improve the ecological environment.However,the implementation of the ten-year ban on fishing also involves the livelihood of fishermen along the Yangtze River.How to solve the livelihood guarantee and the problem of changing industry of fishermen who have returned from fishing is an important task for the Party and the government to implement the work of people’s livelihood.If there is insufficient research on the livelihood guarantee policy of the special group of fishermen who have returned from fishing,or the implementation of resettlement guarantee policy for fishermen who have returned from fishing is not in place,it may lead to social problems such as unemployment,return topoverty,petition and soon.After the total ban on fishing in the Yangtze River Basin,fishermen face a comprehensive transformation of their livelihoods.Governments at all levels have issued a series of policies to ensure the sustainable livelihood of fishermen,but there is still much room for improvement in the livelihood of fishermen who have returned to fishing.Taking the no-catch and no-catch policy documents issued by 8 provinces,41 cities and 48 counties in the key waters of the Yangtze River Basin as the research object,using the grounded theory and text analysis method,using the qualitative analysis software Nvivo 12 to deploy open coding,main axial coding and selective coding.Based on this,seven levels of livelihood guarantee for retired fishermen are summarized,including financial support,social security,benefit compensation,precise assistance,resettlement and supervision,publicity and education,and change of industry.Then the matrix coding query is used to analyze the information of intersecting encoding between two different item columns or attributes and explore the relationship between related item columns or attributes.In order to analyze the coding differences of core categories among different provinces,cities and counties,the documents were divided into provincial documents,municipal documents and county documents by taking the issuing authorities as the objects of distinction,and based on this,the analysis cases of the policy of retired fishermen were made.At the same time,the corresponding provinces,cities and counties are classified into different reaches of the Yangtze River Basin to explore the similarities and differences of livelihood security policies in different reaches ofthe Yangtze Riverbasin.Then,according to the final coding statistical results,the core elements of sustainable livelihood capital reflected in the livelihood security policy contents of the fishermen were analyzed,and the similarities and differences of livelihood security measures in different reaches of the Yangtze River Basin were analyzed through matrix coding query.Through a series of coding and statistics,the study found that although government policies ensured the livelihoods of fishermen who had returned to fishing in many ways and made their livelihoods sustainable,there were still problems such as insufficient precise assistance,wide differences in regional livelihood guarantee measures and inadequatefollow-up tracking.Inorder to guarantee the sustainable livelihood of fishermen who have returned from fishing and make their livelihood sustainable after landing,the government should also implement the sustainable development strategy,increase the precise assistance to the special groups of fishermen who have returned from fishing,take into account the relative fairness of different regions,and increase thetracking of their livelihoods after returning fromfishing.