| In order to solve the problems of narrow working space in the greenhouse of facility agriculture in southern Xinjiang and lack of efficient operation of the all-in-one trenching and laminating-film machine,this paper summarized and analyzed the development status of relevant trenching and laminating-film machine at home and abroad,combined with the agronomic requirements of embedded matrix cultivation mode,By applying the research methods of literature review,theoretical analysis,virtual prototype,simulation and field experiment,an embedded matrix ditching and film covering machine suitable for facility greenhouse was developed,and the main conclusions were drawn as follows:(1)Based on the unique planting mode and the requirements of ditching and mulching machine operation,"flexible operation,simple structure,reliable operation" is proposed as the main design principle of this design.On the basis of reference literature and production research,the overall design scheme of the integrated machine for the embedded matrix cultivation of ditching and mulching is completed.The working principle and technical parameters of the machine are described.The power consumption of the whole machine is calculated theoretically and the power source is selected accordingly.The transmission system of the machine is introduced.(2)According to the agronomic requirements of embedded matrix cultivation mode,a compact structure and convenient operation of embedded matrix cultivation ditching and mulching machine was designed.The machine can complete ditching,mulching,suppression,soil covering and matrix discharging operations at one time.The working principle and technical parameters of the machine were described.The operating power consumption of the whole machine is calculated theoretically and the power source is selected accordingly.The transmission system of the machine is introduced.(3)Combined with the working principle of the integrated machine for embedded substrate cultivation,and the agronomic requirements of embedded substrate cultivation mode,the frame,ditching device,film and soil covering mechanism,suppression device and substrate discharging mechanism were designed and analyzed.The ditching device was selected as the cutting and throwing combined ditching device,and the rotary diameter of the cutter head was determined to be 400 mm and the number of blades to be 5.The structure of the film covering device is analyzed and designed,and its key structural parameters and working parameters range are determined.In order to get a good groove shape,a trapezoidal suppression device is designed and its structure size is determined.The finite element analysis of the frame is carried out by using Solid Works Simulation software.It is verified that the stiffness and strength characteristics of the frame are within the allowable range and can meet the operation requirements of the machine tools.(4)The main soil parameters in the facility greenhouse were tested and some parameters needed for discrete element simulation were obtained.By using EDEM software,the combined cutter and the single soil cutter ditchers were placed under the same simulation environment and simulation parameters,and the component responses of the two ditchers were compared.The conclusion was drawn that the combined cutter could improve the quality of ditching but not increase the resistance significantly.(5)Orthogonal experiments were conducted to study the effects of operation speed,cutter shaft speed and ditching depth on power consumption and ditching depth stability.Design-expert was used to fit the test data,and the interactive response surface of all factors was obtained.The optimal working parameters were selected as follows: The operation speed is 0.7m/s,the cutter shaft speed is 200r/min,and the trench depth is 30 cm.At this time,the trench power consumption is 0.668 KW,and the trench depth stability is86.7%.(6)The prototype and field test of the integrated machine for embedded substrate cultivation were completed.The field test results showed that the ditch depth of the machine was 30 cm,the ditch depth stability was 87.6%,the soil breaking rate was 92.4%,the passing rate of daylighting surface width was87.3%,and the passing rate of film edge soil covering width was 93.3%.All the indicators meet the technical requirements,can meet the agronomic needs of facility agriculture,and can provide technical reference for the mechanical operation of facility agriculture greenhouse in arid and remote areas. |
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