Research On Species Diversity Of Soil Oribatid Mites In Agriculture Region Of Five Provinces In Southeast China

Farmland ecosystem is an important part of terrestrial ecosystem,and its ecological security is closely related to human interests.In the context of global environmental change,the loss of biodiversity is becoming more and more serious,which affects the structure and function of farmland ecosystem.How to protect biodiversity is an important frontier issue.The agricultural area of five provinces in Southeast China is an important concentrated distribution area of agricultural ecosystems.With the acceleration of industrialization,the farmland ecosystems are under pressure from various aspects,especially in the southern region,where heavy metal pollution and pesticide residues are serious,leading to the rapid loss of soil biodiversity,and many soil organisms are facing extinction without being recognized.Soil oribatid mites is a kind of soil animals with a large proportion of species and quantity,but for a long time,the lack of taxonomic research of soil oribatid mite.Most of the studies on the diversity of soil oribatid mites were concentrated in nature reserves and national forest parks,but there were few studies on the diversity of soil oribatid mites in farmland ecosystems.In this study,a typical soil animal was selected as the research object,and three different habitats(farmland habitat,artificial forest habitat,and other habitats)in the five provinces of southeast China were sampled and investigated.Combined with the seasonal dynamic data collection in typical sites,the composition of soil mite diversity in different habitats was clarified.To study the variation trend of soil oribatid mite diversity in farmland ecosystem.The main research results are as follows:1.Taxonomic study on soil oribatid mites in agricultural areas of five provinces in Southeast ChinaA total of 13746 mites(including juvenile mites and Rhodoides)belonging to 116 species,62 genera and 36 families were collected from the five provinces in Southeast China.There are 10 new species in China.A search list of 14 families and 25 genera was made,and imitated 116 species figures of corresponding features.The agricultural areas of the five provinces in southeast China span South region and Central region.In the world zoogeographical flora,the distribution type is mainly in the Oriental realm,with 37 species distributed only in the Oriental realm.The distribution types of zoogeographical flora in China are mainly in South region,31 species are distributed only in South region,2 species span every geographical division in China,and 18 species are endemic to China.The faunal composition of soil mites in the five provinces of southeast China was consistent with their geographical location.2.Study on species diversity of Acaroid mites in soil of five provinces in Southeast ChinaThe dominant species in the five provinces was Scheloribates praeincisus(Berlese,1910),accounting for 11.10% of the total number of mites collected.There were 21 common species and 96 rare species.A total of 4203 species belonging to 30 families,55 genera and92 species were collected from farmland habitats.A total of 4632 species belonging to 30 families and 55 genera were collected from other habitats,with no dominant species.A total of 4911 heads belonging to 30 families,55 genera and 99 species were collected from the plantation.A total of 71 species of mites were found in all three habitats.In different habitats,the diversity index of soil nail mites was significantly different.Farmland habitat > other habitats > plantation habitat;Dominance index: artificial forest habitat is greater than other habitats than farmland habitat;Evenness index: farmland habitat is larger than other habitats than artificial forest habitat;Richness index: plantation habitat is greater than farmland habitat than other habitats.MGP-I analysis showed that the soil mite community in the agricultural areas of five provinces belonged to type O,and the M group > P group > G group.MGP-II analysis showed that the soil mite community in the agricultural areas of five provinces belonged to type O,and P group > G group > M group.3.Seasonal dynamics of oribatid mites in soil in Huadu DistrictA total of 2154 mites(45 species)were collected from Huadu District,Guangzhou.In Huadu region,the seasonal variation of mites was obvious,and the species number and individual number of mites in different months were significantly different.The number of species was the highest in September,followed by July and the lowest in January.The number of individuals was the highest in September,followed by March,and the lowest in November.Four species of mites were distributed in 6 months.9 species of mites were distributed only in September.S.praeincisus was the dominant species in January,March,May,September and November.In all the three habitats,September was the month with the highest diversity index.The variation trend of farmland habitat diversity index was similar to that of other habitats,but the variation trend of plantation habitat diversity index was relatively flat.Species number of plantation > species number of other habitats > species number of farmland.The results of MGP-I analysis showed that the proportion of three groups of mite community in soil was balanced.The results of MGP-II analysis showed that P group > G group > M group,and P group had the highest number percentage,indicating that the mite community had stronger adaptability to the environment.