| Polypore fungi are a class of basidiomycetes with poroid hymenophore,which can decompose lignocellulose and cause wood decay.They are of great value in the fields of biological treatment,biotransformation and biomedicine.They have broad application prospects and need to be developed urgently.With an excellent natural environment and well-protected ecological resources,the Qiandao Lake area has abundant polypore fungi,but there are few studies.In this study,we collected and identified the polypore fungi in Qiandao Lake,domesticated and cultivated some polypore fungi,and then carried out preliminary application exploration on the biological treatment and biological control of the collected polypore fungi.Following are the main research results obtained:In this study,polypore fungi were collected and identified in the Qiandao Lake area.A total of 296 samples were collected and were analyzed based on morphology,microstructure and phylogeny.According to basidiomata characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of molecular sequence data,35 polypore species were identified,belonging to 5 orders,13 families,and 29 genera,in which a new species and a inferring new species were identified.More than 170 ITS sequences and several n LSU,n SSU,TEF1-α and RPB2 sequences were obtained by PCR.To some extent,this study fills the gap of researches on polypores in China and Qiandao Lake.A total of 54 isolates were isolated from 25 species of the samples of polypore fungi in the Qiandao Lake area,which belong to 3 orders,7 families,and 19 genera.Based on single-factor optimum conditions,eight species with potential application values were explored for carbon source,nitrogen source,temperature and p H,respectively and obtained the optimal combination of conditions through orthogonal experiments.On this foundation,poplar wood sawdust and chestnut wood sawdust were selected as the main materials for domestication and cultivation of polypore fungi based on the cultivation quality of polypore strains,in order to obtain more suitable wood sawdust species.In addition,three kinds of polypore fungi basidiocarps were obtained on chestnut wood sawdust.For fungi bag opening,the effect of the size and shape on the fruiting of polypore fungi was analyzed.Taking kaolin and dyes as objects,the treatment effect of polypore fungi on simulated wastewater was explored.The kaolin suspension was treated with the fermentation product of the polypore strains.Two polypore strains were screened,which had significant flocculation effect on kaolin suspension,and the highest flocculation rate could reach 70.8%.The polypore strains were co-cultured with the anthraquinone dye acid blue 40 and the azo dye acid blue 193 for 7 d,respectively,and4 strains were screened out to have a significant removal effect on the dye.The highest removal rates could reach 66.4% and 58.9%,respectively.This research lays a foundation for the subsequent application and transformation of polypore strains in flocculation and dye decolorization.Taking Diaporthe citri,the citrus black spot fungal pathogen as the target,to explore the control potential of polypores on citrus black spot.Four strains with biocontrol potential against D.citri were screened by confrontation culture,culture of polypore strains using D.citri mycelium as substrates and treatment of citrus dead branches’ scrap with D.citri by polypore strains.This provides new resources for the biological control of citrus black spot disease and has important application value and practical significance. |
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