| Litsea cubeba is a unique spice plant in China.It is widely used in spices,food and medical industries,and has high application and development value.The planting spacing of Litsea cubeba is wide,and the utilization rate of forest land is low.The development of understory planting improves the utilization rate of Litsea cubeba forest land.Rosmarinus officinalis is a perennial aromatic plant,which is widely used in food,medicine and cosmetics development.Litsea cubeba forest intercropping rosemary can improve land utilization,forest productivity and increase economic income.However,there is no research on formula fertilization of Litsea cubeba young forest intercropping rosemary.In view of this,this study carried out formula fertilization on the Litsea cubeba forest land intercropped with rosemary.Using single factor comparison,principal component analysis and other methods,the growth of Litsea cubeba and rosemary after fertilization(Litsea cubeba plant height,ground diameter,diameter at breast height,rosemary plant height,ground diameter,germination number)and economic indicators(Litsea cubeba yield,oil yield,fruit citral content,rosemary yield,oil yield,rosemary acid,carnosic acid,carnosic acid,carnosic acid,ursolic acid)were comprehensively analyzed,and the optimal formula was selected to provide technical support for improving the utilization efficiency and economic benefits of Litsea cubeba forest land.The main results are as follows:(1)The effects of different levels of organic fertilizer on the growth indexes and economic indexes of Litsea cubeba were analyzed.The results showed that the treatment of JF(chicken manure)600 had the best effect on plant height,fruit oil yield and fruit citral content.The treatment of YF(sheep manure)600 had the best promotion effect on ground diameter and DBH.Treatment MD(rosemary residue)600 had the best effect on yield promotion.Principal component analysis showed that the treatment of JF 600 had the best effect on the growth and economic indicators of Litsea cubeba.(2)The effects of different levels of organic fertilizer on the growth indexes of rosemary were analyzed.The results showed that the treatment of YF 600 had the best effect on plant height,and the growth range of the inner diameter of the fertilization treatment group was 1.39-8.28 mm during the test period.The treatment of JF 400 and JF600 had better effect on the increase of germination number.Principal component analysis showed that the treatment of JF 600 had the best effect on the growth indexes of rosemary.(3)The indexes of Litsea cubeba and rosemary treated with different levels of organic fertilizer were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis.The treatment JF 600 performed best,that is,chicken manure 600 g/plant was applied to the rosemary hole and the Litsea cubeba shared fertilizer.(4)Under the same organic fertilizer type and level,the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium formula fertilization on the growth indexes and economic indexes of Litsea cubeba were analyzed.The results showed that the annual growth of Litsea cubeba plant height ranged from 0.89 to 1.76 m;treatment T12 had the best effect on ground diameter,DBH,yield,fruit oil yield and oil yield.Treatment T10 had the best effect on promoting citral content in fruits.The effect of N,P and K on plant height was N>P>K,and the effect on ground diameter and DBH was P>N>K.Principal component analysis showed that treatment T12 had the best effect on the growth and economic indicators of Litsea cubeba.(5)Under the same organic fertilizer type and level,the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium formula fertilization on the growth indexes and economic indexes of rosemary were analyzed.The results showed that treatment T16 had the best effect on ground diameter promotion.Treatment T13 had the best effect on germination number and yield per plant.The effect of nitrogen fertilizer on carnosol,ursolic acid and oil yield was greater than that of phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.The effect of phosphate fertilizer on rosmarinic acid and carnosic acid was greater than that of nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.Principal component analysis showed that treatment T16 had the best effect on the growth and economic indicators of rosemary.(6)The indicators of Litsea cubeba and rosemary treated with nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium formula fertilization were comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis.Treatment T12 performed best.In summary,chicken manure 600 g/plant,after the application of top dressing treatment group T12,namely N3P4K2 urea 8.62 g,monohydrate calcium dihydrogen phosphate 5.28 g,potassium sulfate 1.84 g,base fertilizer and top dressing are applied to rosemary,and the treatment result of sharing fertilizer with Litsea cubeba is the best. |
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