Study On Sod Culture In Young Garden Of Litsea Cubeba

Litsea cubeba is a deciduous shrub or small tree in the genus Litsea of the Lauraceae family.It is one of the characteristic spice plant resources in southern China.Litsea cubeba has a wide range of uses.Its roots,stems,leaves and fruits can be used as medicine.The refined Litsea cubeba oil can be directly used as a edible spice.The market demand of Litsea cubeba is large,but there are few studies on grass cultivation of this tree species.This study takes the young forests of Litsea cubeba(from the same family)as the object,from Sod culture to plant growth and development,fruits and essential oils.The composition,the influence of the physical and chemical properties of the forest soil and the allelopathy of the Litsea cubeba extract on the four forage grasses are discussed in order to arrive at the most suitable Sod culture model for the Litsea cubeba garden.Ecological cultivation management provides scientific theoretical guidance.The main findings are as follows:1.Sod culture promoted the growth and development of Litsea cubeba plants.The results of the study showed that the plant height increments of the three treatments of red clover,white clover and festuca arundinacea were significantly higher than those of clear tillage,which were 45.81%,14.24%and 63.64%higher than that of clear tillage;the ground diameters of red clover and festuca arundinacea were higher.The increment was significantly higher than that of clearing tillage,which was 26.57%and 64.34%higher than that of clearing tillage,respectively.The leaf fresh weight of red clover,white clover and festuca arundinacea was significantly higher than that of clear tillage,93.72%,93.53%and 95.90%higher than that of clear tillage,respectively;the leaf dry weights of red clover and festuca arundinacea were significantly higher than that of clear tillage,respectively.It was 76.71%and 100.91%higher than that of clear tillage;the leaf area of red clover,white clover and festuca arundinacea was significantly higher than that of clear tillage,which was 94.57%,89.93%and 101.15%higher than that of clear tillage,respectively.2.Sod culture improved the yield of Litsea cubeba fruit and the yield of exocarp essential oil.The three treatments of natural grass,red clover,and white clover had significantly higher fruit transverse diameters than the clear tillage treatment;the three treatments of red clover,white clover,and festuca arundinacea had significantly higher fruit longitudinal diameters than the clear ploughing treatment;under the 6 treatments,there were significant differences in the total fruit quality of individual Litsea cubeba fruit.The total fruit weight per plant of natural grass,red clover,white clover,festuca arundinacea and bermudagrass treatment was significantly higher than that of clear tillage treatment,which increased by 32.89%,201.69%,61.24%,88.72%and 48.46%respectively compared with clear tillage treatment.Red clover,white clover,festuca arundinacea and bermudagrass treatments had significantly higher exocarp essential oil yields than clear ploughing,increased by 22.54%,31.92%,47.89%and 5.63%respectively compared with clear ploughing;under different grass treatments,the types and contents of essential oil components of Litsea cubeba fruit were different,but all treatments contained four components:α-citral(geranal),β-citral(neral),D-limonene and β-pinene,and the relative content ofα-citral(geranal)and β-citral(neral)was relatively high.3.Sod culture significantly improved the soil physical and chemical properties of young garden land in Litsea cubeba.Sod culture lowered the soil temperature of Litsea cubeba woodland in the hot season.Among them,red clover had the best cooling effect,followed by white clover.Sod culture can improve soil structure,increase soil moisture content,reduce soil bulk density,and increase soil porosity.The improvement effect was most significant in the 0-10 cm soil layer.In the 0-10 cm soil layer,the soil water content of the three treatments of red clover,white clover and festuca arundinacea was 13.92%,14.78%,10,88%higher than that of the clear tillage treatment;The soil bulk density of the three treatments of red clover,white clover and festuca arundinacea in the 0-30 cm soil layer was significantly lower than that of the clear tillage treatment,and the effect of red clover was the most obvious;in the 0-10 cm soil layer,the soil porosity of the four treatments of red clover,white clover,festuca arundinacea and bermudagrass was significantly higher than that of the clear tillage treatment by 11.26%,7.98%,8.33%and 1.93%,respectively.Sod culture improved the soil nutrient content of Litsea cubeba woodland.The contents of soil organic matter,total phosphorus,total potassium,available phosphorus and available potassium under the treatment of festuca arundinacea were the highest,which were significantly higher than the clear tillage control by 63.60%,64.27%,1297.88%,125.27%and 290.53%,respectively.The soil total nitrogen and alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen content under the red clover treatment were the highest,which were significantly higher than the clear tillage treatment by 75.74%and 41.82%,respectively.4.Principal component analysis of various indicators of Litsea cubeba juvenile orchard showed that the comprehensive score ranking of the six treatments was:festuca arundinacea>red clover>white clover>bermudagrass>natural grass>clear ploughing.Festuca arundinacea is the most ideal grass species for garden Sod culture in young Litsea cubeba,followed by red clover.5.When the Litsea cubeba extract came from the leaves of the male plant of Litsea cubeba,the results showed that the Litsea cubeba extract had a promoting effect on the four forage grasses overall,but the degree of promotion was different,and the specific manifestations were as follows:festuca arundinacea>red clover>white clover>bermudagrass.When the extract of Litsea cubeba was from the leaves of the female plant of Litsea cubeba,the results showed that:Litsea cubeba had an overall promoting effect on red clover,white clover and festuca arundinacea,and the degree of action is:festuca arundinacea>red clover>white clover.It had an inhibitory effect on bermudagrass.