Genetic Effects And Population Genetic Structure Analysis Of Main Quantitative Traits Of Vegetable Faba Bean

Faba bean（Vicia faba L.）is one of the four major edible beans in the world.It is a leguminous crop that can be used for grain,vegetable,feed and green manure,and has very important commercial value and nutritional value.The development of the fresh faba bean industry has become one of the important ways to transform and improve the current faba bean industry.Breeding special faba bean varieties is the basis and key to promote the vegetable faba bean industry.The purpose of this experiment was to clarify the genetic effect of the foreign vegetable faba bean parents on the improvement effect of Qinghai parents and the combination of parents,and to further clarify the differences in the genetic structure of the population of multiple combinations.It provides a theoretical basis for parental selection and combination selection in the breeding of vegetable faba bean varieties.The main results are as follows:1.Using 1437 pairs of broad bean SSR primers,70 pairs of SSR primers with clear bands,good polymorphism and high repeatability were screened for parental difference analysis and genetic population structure difference analysis.The molecular genetic distance analysis showed that the 8vegetable varieties had a large genetic difference,with an average of 0.8566.After cluster analysis,the 8 parents could be divided into 2 groups and 5subtypes.2.After TF42 was crossed with other parents,F₁ showed certain heterosis,especially the traits such as hundred-grain weight,pod length and pod width.The three traits of pod number per plant,hundred-grain weigh,and number of seeds per pod have maternal effect.All 7 traits are additive effects,inheritance is the leading effect.The heritability from large to small is:the number of single pods>hundred-grain weight>the number of pod layers>the number of pods per plant>the width of the pod>the length of the pod>the number of effective branches.3.In the 14 combined F₂ generation populations,the average number of polymorphic SSR primers was 58.1,the polymorphism ratio was 82.96%,the total allelic variation was 319.5,the average allelic variation was 5.49,the polymorphism information was 0.6979,and the gene diversity was 0.7403.The comprehensive performance of the orthogonal combination and the anti-cross combination is basically the same.The genetic structure of the F₂ generation population of the 9 combinations is not the same.The population genetic structure of TF42 and Lingxiyicun,Tongcanxian7 and GF74 and Tongcanxian7can be divided into four groups.The contribution rate of the parental parent to the segregated population of the F₂ generation was analyzed by principal coordinates.