Correlation Analysis Of Phenological Period And Meteorological Factors In Different Varieties Of Zanthoxylum Bungeanum Maxim.

Chinese prickly ash(Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim)is a plant of Zanthoxylum,Rutaceae,which has high economic,medicinal and ecological values.In ancient times,its peel was widely used as edible spice.In recent years,prickly ash has been widely planted as an important processing resource and brought economic benefits.This study is to grow in the same region of 16 varieties of Chinese prickly ash phenophase of field observation and morphology observation,combined with meteorological data,the analysis of the effect of planting site meteorological conditions on the prickly ash phenophase,to grasp the changing rule of the Chinese prickly ash phenological and climate conditions on the influence of phenology,for Chinese prickly ash cultivation management techniques and to provide theoretical evidence for the selection of site environment.The results are as follows:(1)The phenological period of different varieties of Chinese prickly ash was different,the range of germinating stage was 9 d and the coefficient of variation was 59.96 %;the range of germination was 13 d,and the coefficient of variation was 21.47%;the range at the beginning of leaf spreading was 13 d,and the coefficient of variation was 12.12%;the variation coefficient was 7.47 % and the range was 16 d;the variation coefficient was 8.92%;the extreme difference at the end of flowering was 20 d,and the coefficient of variation was8.36 %;The range of fruit enlargement stage was 21 d,and the coefficient of variation was6.41%;the range of fruit coloring period was 135 d,and the coefficient of variation was31.39 %;the range of fruit ripening stage was 83 d,and the coefficient of variation was 13.23%;the range of initial defoliation was 10 d and the coefficient of variation was 1.24 %,while the range of late defoliation was 10 d and the coefficient of variation was 1.50 %.(2)Principal component analysis of phenology of different varieties of Chinese prickly ash showed that germinating,germination,leaf opening,leaf opening and flowering were the first principal component,while flowering,fruit discoloration,fruit enlargement and fruit maturity were the second principal component.(3)The results of cluster analysis based on the phenological date showed that 16 Chinese prickly ash varieties were divided into three categories: Fengxian Dahongpao,Wudu Dahongpao,Maoxian Dahongpao,Fengxuan No.1,Guizhou oil pepper and Qin’an No.1,Hancheng Shizitou,Xinong Wuji,Gelao pepper,Hancheng Dahongpao,Hancheng Wuji,Dangcun pepper,Shanxi Yuci pepper,Yunnan Zhaotong pepper and German pepper,Fugu pepper alone.(4)Different varieties of prickly ash grown in the same area,the average daily temperature in germinating stage was 6.8 ℃,in germination stage 8.3 ℃,in leafing stage12.9 ℃,in flowering stage 14.1 ℃,in fruit expanding stage 17.0 ℃,in fruit coloring stage19.2 ℃.The average daily temperature at ripening stage was 18.0 ℃,and the average daily temperature at deciduous stage was 5.1 ℃.The accumulated temperature range required from germinating to germination is 76.3 ℃,from germination to flowering is 122.9 ℃,from flowering to maturity is 1235.9 ℃,from germinating to maturity is 1270.6 ℃.