Effect Of Several Organic Alternatives To Chemical Fertilizers With Foliar Selenium On Quality And Efficiency Of Winter Wheat

In order to achieve the goal of reducing the environmental pollution from chemical fertilizers and moderating the environmental load while being able to improve crop yield and quality.In this paper,we investigated the effects of different organic(humic acid,organic fertilizer,bacterial fertilizer,farmer-applied fertilizer)alternative fertilizers combined with foliar selenium spray on yield components(1000 grain weight and number of ears),nutritional quality(crude protein,reducing sugars,soluble sugars,starch,total flavonoids)and nutrient elements(nitrogen,phosphorus,potassium and selenium)of winter wheat using field trials,and the results showed that.(1)Three organic alternative fertilizers and farmer-applied fertilizer with foliar selenium fertilizer could increase 1000 grain weight and grain number of spikes of winter wheat,in which organic fertilizer + foliar selenium had the greatest increase on 1000 grain weight with 9.76%,and the difference was significant.Farmers’ fertilizer + foliar selenium had the greatest increase on spike grain number with 9.09%,and the difference was significant compared with organic fertilizer + foliar selenium and humic acid + foliar selenium.(2)The three organic alternative fertilizers with foliar selenium increased wheat grain starch,total flavonoids and crude protein content to different degrees and improved the nutritional quality of winter wheat grains.Among them,bacterial fertilizer + foliar selenium increased the content of starch and total flavonoids by 23.55% and 100%,respectively,but the differences were not significant.Humic acid + foliar selenium increased the crude protein content of winter wheat by 5.57%,with significant differences.(3)The three organic alternative fertilizers with foliar selenium increased the content of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in wheat.Among them,humic acid + foliar selenium increased the nitrogen content of wheat seeds by 5.81% and the difference was significant.Organic fertilizer + foliar selenium increased the phosphorus and potassium content of wheat seeds by 29.79% and 15.38%,respectively,and the difference was significant.(4)The three organic alternative fertilizers and the foliar selenium applied by farmers with foliar selenium could increase the selenium content of wheat seeds,among which the selenium applied by humic acid and organic fertilizer increased 11.65 times and 6.66 times,respectively,compared with the treatment without selenium,and the differences were significant.After the study,among the three organic alternative fertilizers,organic fertilizer and humic acid with foliar selenium were more effective in improving the quality and yield of wheat grain compared with other treatments,while farmer fertilizer with foliar selenium was the least effective.The results of this study can provide a reference for wheat quality and efficiency improvement,land nourishment and environmental protection.