Effects Of Soli Test Based Nitrogen And Sowing Rate On Nitrogen Utilization,yield And Quality Of Wheat In Upland

In order to further clarify the suitable nitrogen application and sowing amount of dry land wheat field planted in the soil moisture ditch,the field experiment was carried out in Wenxi wheat base of Shanxi Agricultural University from 2019 to 2020.The main area was nitrogen application,with two levels of traditional nitrogen application and monitoring nitrogen application.Taking the sowing quantity as the sub-area,three levels of 150 kg·hm-2,180 kg·hm-2 and 210 kg·hm-2 were set.The number of studies on the effect of fertilizer application and the number of seedlings depend on the soil nutrient content on the growth and development of winter wheat,nitrogen absorption and utilization of plants,water use efficiency,yield and quality in arid regions.The main results are as follows.(1)Compared with traditional nitrogen application,monitoring nitrogen application significantly reduced the tiller number,the dry matter quality of the population in winter,flowering,20 days after flowering and maturity period;The length of stem,panicle and number of panicle were increased,the breakage rate of seed after anthesis and the seed penetration weight at the end of anthesis were significantly increased.The amount of nitrogen accumulated in seeds of herbaceous and broad-leaved plants increased significantly at flowering,and the contribution of nitrogen accumulated before flowering increased.Starch content increased significantly,protein content and wheat yield decreased significantly.yield was reduced,but not significant,water use efficiency and yield ratio were significantly increased.Nitrogen absorption efficiency was 102%-113%,nitrogen harvest index was 18%-30%,nitrogen utilization efficiency was5%-9%,nitrogen partial The productivity is 120% to 125%.(2)Compared with other broadcast processing,the broadcast capacity 210 Kg hm-2 increased the tiller number,the mass dry matter quality in winter,flowering,20 days after flowering and maturity period;the ratio of ear length,spikelet number and number of non pregnant spikelets was increased,the filling rate in the late stage of grouting was increased,and the 1000 grain weight of the seeds after anthesis was reduced;the nitrogen accumulation in various organs in flowering and maturity stage was increased,the nitrogen running before anther was increased,and the results in a significantly increased contribution to nitrogen and seed storage after flowering.The content of starch,starch and total starch,the quality of flour and the viscosity of starch were improved with the increase of protein content and yield.Productivity is between3 %-9%,and water consumption is between 1%-3 %,the net income was 5%-15%,the yield and input ratio was 1%-7%,the nitrogen absorption efficiency was 11%-32%,and the partial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer was 4%-9%.(3)The results showed that the nitrogen content of stem + sheath and mature grain was closely related to quality,and the fluidity and gelatinization of flour were closely related to protein content and wet gluten content.In a word,monitoring the amount of applied nitrogen technology 210 kg hm-2 is conducive to improve the proportion of nitrogen accumulation in stem + sheath and grain in flowering period,promote the contribution of nitrogen accumulation to the grain,improve nitrogen absorption efficiency and nitrogen production efficiency,improve water use efficiency,facilitate starch formation and enrichment,and maximize the maximum net income and yield to input ratio.