Flavonoids Diversity Of Tartary Buckwheat Based On Metabonomics Analysis

Tartary buckwheat is an important dicotyledonous plant in Polygonaceae.There are mainly two types of common buckwheat（Fagopyrμm esculentum Moench）and tartary buckwheat（F.tataricum Gaertn）.Tartary buckwheat has attracted much attention because of its high level of biologically active ingredients and stronger pharmacological effects than ordinary buckwheat.Tartary buckwheat has significant effects on anti-inflammatory,antibacterial and antioxidant activities.At the same time,studies have shown that eating tartary buckwheat can reduce blood sugar levels,regulate blood lipid levels,and reduce total cholesterol levels.It has certain anti-tumor,anti-diabetic and anti-fatigue properties.effect.The main bioactive phytochemicals found in tartary buckwheat are flavonoids,such as rutin,quercetin,isoquercetin,kaempferol and so on.Although the research on the functional components of tartary buckwheat has become a current hot spot,there is a lack of systematic and comprehensive research.Therefore,this study is based on metabonomics technology to conduct in-depth exploration of the biologically active components of tartary buckwheat,aiming to clarify the differences in the flavonoid metabolites of tartary buckwheat,Lay a theoretical foundation for in-depth analysis of the causes of tartary buckwheat quality.The main research results of this paper are as follows:1.Establishment of Flavonoid Standards DatabaseIn this study,46 flavonoid standards were used for single-label mass spectrometry detection,and the retention time（RT）,accurate precursor ion mass（m/z）and secondary fragment ions of each flavonoid standard were obtained,and established A database of local flavonoid standards was created.2.Research on non-targeted metabonomics of tartary buckwheat grains and seed coatsA non-targeted metabonomics study of 31 tartary buckwheat germplasm resources（tartary buckwheat grains and seed coats）based on the Q Exactive ^TM plus combined quadrupole Orbitrap ^TM mass spectrometer.The retention time（RT）,With accurate parent ion mass（m/z）and secondary fragment ions,combined with the fragmentation law of flavonoids,a total of 144 flavonoids were identified in tartary buckwheat grains,of which 22 were verified by standard products.A total of 130 flavonoids were identified in the seed coat of buckwheat,of which 20 were verified by standard products,including flavonols,flavanols,dihydroflavonoids and other flavonoids.The metabolic profile of flavonoids in buckwheat was successfully constructed.With Shanxi Teyou tartary buckwheat’Heifeng 1’as the control group and 30 pieces of tartary buckwheat material as the experimental group,four varieties of tartary buckwheat grains with metabolic differences（ND1,5,8.17）and found 3 different compounds: isovitexin,catechin and epicatechin.In the seed coat of tartary buckwheat,6 varieties with metabolic differences（ND1,5,8,16,17,33）were screened from the control group,and 14 different compounds were found,mainly including astragaloside,narcissus,Kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside and kaempferol,etc.Enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway found that in tartary buckwheat grains and seed coats,flavonoid metabolism pathway,phenylpropane metabolism pathway,phenylalanine metabolism pathway,and aminoacyl t RNA metabolism pathway have greater influence on their secondary metabolism.The differential metabolism can be used as an important index for the taste quality analysis of tartary buckwheat and molecular breeding to screen high antioxidant varieties.3.Tartary buckwheat seed and seed coat targeted metabolomics researchA targeted metabonomics study was conducted on 31 tartary buckwheat germplasm resources（tartary buckwheat grains and seed coats）.Through multivariate statistical analysis,the content of flavonoids in tartary buckwheat grains was significantly higher than that of tartary buckwheat seed coats.In tartary buckwheat grains,3 species Differential flavonoid metabolites（isovitexin,catechin and epicatechin）had no obvious characteristic changes between the experimental group and the control group.However,in the difference group,the control group was higher than the experimental group,and in the seed coat of tartary buckwheat,14 different compounds were higher in the experimental group than in the control group,but in the difference group,they were all lower than the control group.This is consistent with the results of nontargeted metabolic analysis.In summary,this study is based on metabonomics technology to study the diversity of flavonoids in different varieties of tartary buckwheat,and successfully constructed a metabolic profile of flavonoids in tartary buckwheat,revealing the differences in the metabolism of tartary buckwheat grains and seed coats,in order to further understand the tartary buckwheat flavonoids.Metabolomics provides theoretical basis and data support for the value development of tartary buckwheat food and medicine.