Research On Ecological Compensation Mechanism Of Fishermen’s Retreat In The Yangtze River Basin

The variety of biodiversity in the Yangtze River Basin is extremely rich,and it plays a very important role in my country’s freshwater fisheries.The rich fishery resources of the Yangtze River have nurtured a large number of livelihood fishermen along the Yangtze River and provided them with the most basic source of livelihood and employment opportunities.However,in recent years,the Yangtze River Basin has been affected by high-intensity human activities such as overfishing,environmental pollution,construction projects,dams,and the wanton discharge of industrial "three wastes".The aquatic environment of the Yangtze River has been destroyed and the fishery resources have reached the worst.The "No Fish" rating.At present,protecting the fishery resources of the Yangtze River is highly valued by all sectors of society.In order to smoothly carry out the comprehensive ban on fishing in the Yangtze River Basin as scheduled,ensure that fishermen retreat to the shore and properly settle down,and achieve the policy goal of significantly improving the ecological environment of the Yangtze River Basin by 2035,the party and the state have promulgated a series of "catching ban" and "returning" policies,The implementation of the "catching ban" and "retreating" policies means that the fishermen who make a living by fishing have lost the most important and even the only source of livelihood.Under the "catching ban" and "returning catch" policies,it is difficult to guarantee the basic livelihood of fishermen.If these problems cannot be effectively solved,social conflicts will inevitably occur and social stability in the fishing area will be affected.Therefore,there is no doubt that ecological compensation for the fishermen who retreat has become a major issue that cannot be avoided and urgently needs to be solved in my country’s current strategy of promoting the protection of the Yangtze River.On the basis of sorting out the policies of retreat and ban on fishing in the Yangtze River Basin,this article puts forward the background,purpose,significance and methods of constructing the ecological compensation mechanism for fishermen’s retreat.By combing the theory and practice of ecological compensation at home and abroad,the relevant concepts appearing in the article are discussed.Define,analyze the principles,subject and object,standards,and methods of the ecological compensation mechanism for fishermen withdrawing fishing on the basis of public goods theory,externality theory,stakeholder theory,and the theory of sustainable development,and explain the ecological compensation compensation for fishermen withdrawing fishing The analytical framework of the mechanism.From the perspective of satisfaction,this article selects the Chishui River Basin in Guizhou Province and the Honghu Aquatic Biological Reserve in Hubei Province as the research locations,and constructs a satisfaction model for the withdrawal compensation policy from the three dimensions of family endowment,policy cognition,and policy implementation,and explores its influencing factors And influence path.The results of the study show that from the perspective of weights and factor loadings,the main factors affecting fishermen’s ecological compensation mechanism for retiring fishing are "education level","number of household labor force","annual income after retiring fishing",and "value of household durable goods","Area of arable land","Number of contacts with relatives and friends","Fishermen’s understanding of compensation policies for retreating fishing","Transparency of compensation funds","Fishermen’s satisfaction with retreating fishing compensation standards","Compensation On-time distribution of funds","stability of family income","changes in family living standards",etc.;from the perspective of path coefficients,economic capital and social capital have a significant positive impact on family endowments,and natural capital and human capital have a significant impact on family endowments.The impact of endowment has not passed the significance test.The path coefficients of household endowment,policy perception and policy implementation to the satisfaction of the withdrawal compensation policy are0.264,0.198 and 0.435,respectively.Policy implementation has the greatest impact on fishermen’s satisfaction with the withdrawal compensation policy;From the mediation effect,household endowment indirectly affects policy satisfaction through policy cognition.The article analyzes the fishermen’s satisfaction with the ecological compensation mechanism for the withdrawal of catches,summarizes the main issues affecting the current ecological compensation mechanism for the withdrawal of catches by the government and fishermen,and regulates the division of powers and responsibilities between the central and local governments and scientifically formulates the compensation standards for the withdrawal of catches.Distribute compensation funds on time,broaden adult education channels,explore diversified ecological compensation methods,carry out vocational skills training,and broaden the channels for fishermen to switch industries.The research results can help fishermen in other provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Basin to withdraw their fishing work.Provide reference and reference.