Microbial Diversity And Soil Enzyme Activities In Shelter Forests Of The Taklimakan Desert Highway In Xinjiang

Desertification of land is an important environmental issue in the world.It seriously affects the survival of all human beings and the sustainable development of society.China is one of the countries with the most serious harm to desertification in the world.The prevention and control of desertification has become a problem that cannot be ignored.In many control methods,biological control can fundamentally change the property of the soil and improve the stability of the desert ecosystem.Soil microbial diversity,plant diversity,and soil enzymes are all indicators of the biological activity of the soil.Xinjiang’s Taklimakan Desert Highway plays an important role in promoting the economic development of Xinjiang.The experiment was conducted to determine and analyze the microbial diversity,soil enzyme activity,and their correlations of different types of vegetation around desert roads.The main results of this research including:(1)The number of three microorganisms is the highest in the number of bacteria,followed by actinomycetes,and the number of fungi is the least.The amount of microbes in forest is greater than sand in different groundwater salinities.The number of microbes in forest shows a decreasing trend with decrease of age in same groundwater salinities.The number of microbes in vertical distribution shows that the number of shallow soil is higher than deep soil in forest,while the number is higher in the middle layer in sand.Bacillus is a dominant bacterium in the Taklimakan desert highway.(2)The soil-β-glucosidase activity in forest and sand under different groundwater salinities at 13.98 g/L and 4.82 g/L salinity respectively was significantly higher than other salinities,the activities were respectively 11.62 μmol/d/g and 7.22 μmol/d/g.The soil arylsulfatase activity in forest and sand under different groundwater salinities at 13.98 g/L and 10.00 g/L salinity respectively was significantly higher than other salinities,the activities were respectively 1.51μmol/d/g and 1.05μmol/d/g.The soil alkaline phosphatase activity in forest and sand under different groundwater salinities at 13.98 g/L and 18.36g/L salinity respectively was significantly higher than other salinities,the activities were respectively 3.52nmol/d/g and 0.83nmol/d/g.The soil urease activity in forest and sand under different groundwater salinities at 18.36g/L and 13.98 g/L salinity respectively was significantly higher than other salinities,the activities were respectively 67.78μg/d/g and42.46μg /d/g.Different forestry ages with the same degree of mineralization show 99 years and 01 years of enzyme activity significantly higher than 95 years and 97 years.(3)Bacteria were significantly positively correlated with soil alkaline phosphatase,actinomycetes were significantly positively correlated with soil urease;fungi were significantly positively correlated with soil arylsulfatase.