| Objective: In this study,the rat model of the polycystic ovarian syndrome（PCOS）was constructed by continuous gavage of letrozole to explore the changes of Kisspeptin expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus in rats with PCOS,and Pioglitazone was given gavage to interfere with the rats with PCOS.To observe the effect of Pioglitazone on reproductive endocrinology and Kisspeptin expression in the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome,and to explore the possible mechanism of Pioglitazone in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.Methods: Health 5-6 weeks SD female rats,divided into blank group and model group,the model group used to letrozole continuous lavage constructed a model of rats with polycystic ovary syndrome in 28 days,at the same time record the rat body weight,estrus cycles,After the end of the mold,the blank group and the model group rats were randomly selected to verify the histological changes of ovarian morphology,evaluate the mold making effect,and after the successful molding,the model group was divided into letrozole group and pioglitazone group,the blank group was divided into the physiological saline group,and the pioglitazone group was used to intervene with pioglitazone.Letrozole group,saline group to be amount of saline intervention,record the change of the rat body weight,observation rats estrous cycle of change,After the intervention,intraperitoneal injection of glucose tolerance test was performed to observe the changes of glucose tolerance of rats in each group.The serum of rats in each group was taken to detect serum sex hormones and insulin,and the insulin resistance index was calculated.The ovarian index was calculated and surveyed the ovarian tissue of each rat,and the immunohistochemical staining to survey the expression of Kisspeptin in the hypothalamic arch nucleus of rats.The changes in Kiss1 m RNA expression in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus were observed by fluorescence in situ hybridization.Results:（1）Letrozole constructed PCOS rat model increased body weight（P <0.05）,estrus cycle disorder,manifested as the duration interval,increased ovarian index（P<0.05）,ovarian polycystic change,insulin resistance,increased serum testosterone,serum luteinizing hormone,serum insulin（P <0.05）,There was no significant change in serum estradiol,serum follicle-stimulating hormone,serum progesterone,but the m RNA expression of Kisspeptin and kiss1 in the arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus increased（P <0.05）.（2）After 21 days of Pioglitazone intervention,the weight of PCOS rats did not change significantly,but the estrous cycle returned to a certain regularity,indicating that proestrus,estrus,metestrus,and diestrus。Conclusions :（1）the PCOS rat model constructed by letrozole is an ideal animal model for the study of PCOS,which can better simulate the reproductive dysfunction and endocrine and metabolic disorders of PCOS patients.（2）Letrozole may induce changes in KISS-1 gene expression by stimulating hypothalamic ARC in PCOS rats,thus affecting endocrine metabolism and reproductive function.Kisspeptin may be a new therapeutic target for PCOS in the future.（3）Pioglitazone may improve clinical symptoms of PCOS by improving insulin resistance and thereby affecting hypothalamic KISS1 gene expression in PCOS rats. |
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