| Objective: To investigate the effect of ω-3 PUFAs on the improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism and cognitive function in patients with schizophrenia,so as to provide a clinical plan for the treatment of drug side effects such as hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia caused by atypical antipsychotic drugs in patients with schizophrenia and cognitive decline in patients with schizophrenia.Methods: A total of 45 schizophrenics treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs were recruited from July 2020 to January 2022 in Wuhan Mental Health Center.Relevant clinical data of all enrolled patients were collected.The enrolled patients were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group.The experimental group（30 cases）was given oral 4g/d omega-3polyunsaturated fatty acid fish oil capsules in addition to the original atypical antipsychotic drugs,and the control group（15 cases）received the same original drugs for 12 weeks.Before treatment and 12 weeks after treatment,venous blood（fasting blood collection）of 2 groups were collected,and biochemical indexes such as triglyceride,total cholesterol,high density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,fasting blood glucose were detected.Cognitive function was evaluated by MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery（MCCB）.The contents of Eicosapentaenoic acid（EPA）and docosahexenoic acid（DHA）in erythrocyte membrane were analyzed by meteorological chromatograph.SPSS26.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis of data,and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results :（1）There were no statistical differences in age,gender,BMI,years of education,course of disease and total score of PANSS scale between 2 groups（P > 0.05）.（2）Before treatment,there were no significant differences in high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,triglyceride and fasting blood glucose between 2 groups（P > 0.05）;After 12 weeks of treatment,high-density lipoprotein of experimental group was higher than that of control group（P < 0.05）,triglyceride and fasting blood glucose were lower than that of control group（P<0.05）;In experimental group,high-density lipoprotein was increased compared with before treatment（P < 0.05）,triglyceride and fasting blood glucose were decreased compared with before treatment（P < 0.05）;There were no significant differences in high-density lipoprotein,low density lipoprotein,total cholesterol,triglyceride and fasting blood glucose in the control group after 12 weeks of treatment compared with before treatment（P> 0.05）.The difference of low density lipoprotein and triglyceride in experimental group was significantly different from that in control group before and after treatment（P <0.05）.（3）Before treatment,there were no significant differences in cognitive test scores between the two groups（P > 0.05）.After 12 weeks of treatment,symbol coding,maze,category fluency and color test scores of experimental group were significantly improved compared with control group（P <0.05）.In the experimental group,the time of connection test was significantly reduced,and the symbol coding,maze,category fluency and word test scores were significantly improved（P <0.05）.There were no significant differences in scores of control group before and after treatment（P >0.05）.The score difference of maze and categorical fluency test in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group before and after treatment,with statistical significance（P <0.05）.（4）Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the contents of EPA and DHA in erythrocyte membrane between 2 groups（P > 0.05）,but after12 weeks of treatment,the contents of EPA and DHA in erythrocyte membrane in experimental group were significantly increased compared with control group（P <0.05）.The contents of EPA and DHA in erythrocyte membrane of experimental group were significantly increased compared with before treatment（P <0.05）;The contents of EPA and DHA in erythrocyte membrane in control group were not significantly different from those before treatment（P>0.05）.The content difference of EPA and DHA in erythrocyte membrane in experimental group was significantly higher than that in control group before and after treatment（P <0.05）.Conclusions :（1）Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can significantly reduce triglyceride levels and improve lipid metabolism abnormalities.（2）Omega-3polyunsaturated fatty acids significantly improved cognitive function in the areas of information processing speed,reasoning and problem solving ability in schizophrenia patients. |
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