| Objective: This study aims to investigate the prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD),related risk factors,disease characteristics,and related ocular surface function in the physical examination population of Qiongshan District,Haikou City,etc,in order to better formulate prevention and treatment measures for meibomian gland dysfunction.Methods: People were randomly selected from the general population,who have undergone health check-ups at the Health Check-up Center of the Third People’s Hospital of Haikou City,from January 2020 to January 2021,as the subject of investigation and research.All subjects underwent a basic questionnaire(including gender,age,drinking habits,smoking habits,food tastes,systemic diseases,the history of ocular diseases,the length of exposure to oily smoke,frequency of eye cleansing,the total time of electronic device use,the total length of sleep),survey of ocular surface disease index(referred to as OSDI).A Keratograph 5M ocular surface comprehensive analyzer was used to check the tear meniscus height,the first and average tear break-up time,dry eye grade,lipid layer thickness,and degree of meibomian gland loss.A slit lamp microscope was used to check the appearance of the subjects eyelid margin and eyelid,the opening of the plate glands,the amount of secretions from the meibomian glands,and the nature of the secretions.According to the currently recognized diagnostic criteria for meibomian gland dysfunction in China,the diagnosis was made as to whether the subject has meibomian gland dysfunction,and to evaluate the severity of the meibomian gland dysfunction,etc,and to investigate the various items.The results were entered into Excel tables,and statistically analyzed through SPSSAU data science analysis platform.Results:1.A total of 183 people(aged 18 to 77 years old)who completed the physical examination in this investigation and study with 82 cases diagnosed with MGD.The prevalence rate was 44.81%,of which the MGD prevalence rate of male was 43.84%,and the MGD prevalence rate of female was 45.45%.In the total survey,mild MGD accounted for 25.14%,moderate MGD accounted for 9.84%,and severe MGD accounted for 9.84%.The prevalence of MGD among the 18 ～ 20 years old was7.69%,the prevalence in 21～30 years old was 15.38%,the prevalence in 31～40years old was 40.82%,and the prevalence in 41～50 years old was 64.71.%,the prevalence in 51～60 years old was 78.57%,and the prevalence in 61～70 years old was 91.67%,the prevalence in 71～80 years old was 100%.2.This survey research uses binary logistic regression analysis.The risk factors related to meibomian gland dysfunction are shown as the following 5 factors:gender(male the regression coefficient is-3.033,z=-1.964,P=0.049 < 0.05),age(the regression coefficient is 0.111,z=2.836,P=0.005<0.01),frequency of eye cleansing(the regression coefficient is-1.804,z=-3.129,P=0.002<0.01),electronic device use time(the regression coefficient is 0.989,z=2.452,P=0.014<0.05),total sleep time(the regression coefficient is-1.737,z=-2.753,P=0.006 < 0.01),which was statistically significant.3.In the total survey population,the morphological abnormalities of the meibomian glands between different age groups(χ~2=68.364,P<0.01),the abnormalities of the glandular openings(χ~2=51.307,P<0.01),the meibum traits(χ~2=118.124,P<0.01),the amount of meibum secretion(χ~2=116.522,P<0.01)and the degree of meibomian gland defection(χ~2=79.503,P<0.01)has significant differences and statistical significance,and the incidence of the above-mentioned abnormalities increased with age.4.In the total survey population,27 cases were diagnosed with meibomian gland defectness only,accounting for 14.75%.Meibomian gland defectness is in preclinical MGD.5.There are significant differences in tear river height,first tear film rupture time,average tear film rupture time,lipid layer thickness,and degree of meibomian gland loss between the MGD population and the normal population(P<0.01).However,there were no significant differences between the height of the tear river,the first tear film rupture time,the average tear film rupture time,the thickness of the lipid layer and the severity of MGD disease(P>0.05),and was of no statistical significance.The degree of meibomian gland loss was significantly different between the severity of MGD(χ~2=33.804,P<0.01),which was statistically significant.6.In the total survey population,the degree of ISDO was significantly different among different age groups(χ~2=45.309,P<0.01),which was statistically significant.In the total survey population,the degree of ISDO was significantly different between the MGD population and normal population(χ~2=104.256,P<0.01),which was statistically significant.The dry eye grade evaluated by the Keratograph 5M ocular surface comprehensive analyzer and the ISDO score,all showed significant differences(F=47.436,P<0.01),which was statistically significant.The average OSDI of the dry eye grade 0 group measured by the ocular surface comprehensive analyzer was 2.03 points,the average OSDI of the dry eye grade 1(suspected dry eye)group was 11.34 points,and the dry eye grade 2(dry eye)The average OSDI of the population is 21.08 points.It shows that the dry eye grade evaluated by the Keratograph 5M ocular surface comprehensive analyzer is consistent with the world-recognized OSDI score to a certain extent,indicating that it has a strong clinical reference value.Conclusions:1.Gender,age,frequency of eye cleaning,electronic device use time,and total sleep time,are the risk factors that affect MGD.2.With the age increasing,the incidence of abnormal shape of the eyelid margin,opening of the meibomian glands,traits of meibum and amount of meibum secretion will increase,loss of meibomian glands as well.3.TMH,FTBUT,ATBUT,LLT and degree of meibomian gland loss can all be used as reference indicators for the diagnosis of MGD.The degree of meibomian gland loss can be used as a reference indicator for assessing the severity of MGD.TMH,FTBUT,ATBUT,LLT cannot be used as reference indicators for evaluating the condition of MGD.4.The Keratograph 5M ocular surface comprehensive analyzer can be used to determine the dry eye grade and make an assessment of the degree of MGD discomfort symptoms.It has reference value,time-saving,simple and objective results,and is worthy of promotion in clinical work. |
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