Aqueous Humor Cytokines Concentrations And Their Clinical Significance During Acute Attacks Of Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma

Objectives The concentrations of 11 cytokines in aqueous humor of patients with acute angle-closure glaucoma(AACG)were quantitatively analyzed.To investigate the changes in the concentration of cytokines in the aqueous humor of patients with an acute episode of AACG and their potential mechanisms and clinical significance.To study the relationship between the cytokines and the intraocular pressure,duration of the acute attack,and the rate of filtration surgery;and to further explore the possible pathogenesis of AACG and the related factors affecting the prognosis.Methods Aqueous humor samples were collected from 46 cases,including 29 cases in the AACG group and 17 cases in the senile cataract group.Relevant information about the included patients was collected,including basic information and manifestations of ocular.Underwent anterior chamber puncture was completed in the examination room(AACG group)and the operating room(senile cataract group)and collected aqueous humor samples.The aqueous humor was injected into the sterile cryopreserved tubes,stored at-80°C,and assayed within 1 month.The expression levels of 11 cytokines in aqueous humor samples were measured by cytometric bead array(CBA).Including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,IL-12p70,IL-17 A,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),transforming growth factor(TGF)-β1,monocyte chemoattractant protein(MCP)-1,and intercellular adhesion molecule(ICAM).The concentrations of each cytokine were compared between groups and within groups of AACG.The relevant data were statistically analyzed using the statistical software SPSS22.0 and Graphpad prism 7.0,and P<0.05 was considered to be statistically different.Results 1 The intraocular pressure in the AACG group is significantly higher than that in the senile cataract group(P<0.05);the eye axis length is significantly shorter than that in the senile cataract group(P<0.05),and the difference is statistically significant;the best-corrected visual acuity is worse than that in the senile cataract group(P<0.05).There are no statistically significant differences in sex,eye,age,the prevalence of diabetes,and prevalence of hypertension between the two groups(all P>0.05).2 The concentration of IL-1β,IL-6,IL-8,IL-10,VEGF,MCP-1,and ICAM in aqueous humor of the AACG group are significantly higher than that of the senile cataract group(all P<0.05).There are no significant differences in IL-12p70 and TNF-α concentrations between the AACG group and the senile cataract group(all P>0.05).IL-17 A and TGF-β1 are not detected in any of the samples.3 There are positive correlations between IL-6,IL-8,MCP-1,and ICAM in the aqueous humor of the AACG group.There is a positive correlation between IL-8 and the duration of an acute attack(ρ=0.387,P=0.038),and there are no significant correlations between the remaining cytokines and the duration of acute attack(all P>0.05).There are no significant correlations between the concentrations of all cytokines in the aqueous humor and age,intraocular pressure,and ocular axial length in the AACG group(all P>0.05).4 The concentration at preoperative of cytokines that include IL-6,IL-8,IL-12p70,MCP-1,and ICAM in aqueous humor are higher for the group undergoing filtration surgery than the group undergoing non-filtration surgery(all P<0.05).And there are no significant differences for the remaining cytokines.The duration of acute episodes is significantly longer in the filtered surgery group than in the non-filtered surgery group(P<0.05),with a statistically significant difference.There is no significant correlation between the implementation rate of filtration surgery and sex,eye,age,prevalence of diabetes,prevalence of hypertension,intraocular pressure,and eye axial length(all P>0.05).Conclusions 1 The altered cytokine concentrations in the aqueous humor of patients in the AACG group suggests that acute inflammation,ischemia-hypoxia,and immune activation may be jointly involved in the pathogenesis of AACG.2 IL-8 is positively correlated with the duration of the acute attack of AACG,which may be closely related to the severity of glaucoma and could be used as a potential biomarker for the severity of glaucoma.3 The cytokines IL-6,IL-8,MCP-1,and ICAM in aqueous humor are positively correlated with each other.And the concentrations of IL-6,IL-8,IL-12p70,MCP-1,and ICAM are significantly correlated with the implementation rate of filtration surgery in patients with AACG,which may be an important basis for prognostic judgment of glaucoma.4 CBA is a more ideal assay for quantifying multiple cytokines in aqueous humor.Figure 5;Table 4;Reference 149...