Association Between Malnutrition In Early Life,Body Compisition And Cognitive Impairment

Background:Studies indicated that malnutrition in early life is associated with risk of cognitive impairment.However,it remains uncertain which stage is the key.And more,Only few studies have explored whether obesity in later life will stronger the relationship between malnutrition in early life and cognitive impairment stronger.Methods:All subjects（N=758）who born between October,1 1950and September,30 1963 were randomly selected,and categorized into five cohorts according to food shortage-experienced and the age of exposure:and non-exposed cohort（G₀,control group）,fetal-exposed cohort（G₁）,early childhood-exposed cohort（G₂）,mid childhood-exposed cohort（G₃）and late childhood-exposed cohort（G₄）.Subjects were categorized into two cohorts according to cognitive performance of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment–Beijing version（Mo CA-BJ）:cognitive impairment,normal.Body composition included(body mass index（BMI）,percentage fat mass（PFM）,fat-free mass（FFM）,waist-to-hip ratio（WHR）,waist-to-height ratio（WHt R）was measured.Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between malnutrition in early life,adult human body composition and the risk of cognitive impairment.Results:Compared with G₀,the risk of cognitive impairment（CI）in G₁increased by 1.18 times（95%CI:1.29～3.68,P=0.004）.PFM:compared to Q₄,the risk of CI in Q₁,Q₂increased by 3.64 times（95%CI:1.74～12.36,P=0.002）and 1.85 times（95%CI:1.33～6.09,P=0.007）,respectively.FFM:compared to Q₄,the risk of CI in Q₁,Q₃increased by 3.14 times（95%CI:1.40～12.24,P=0.010）and 0.69 times（95%CI:1.05～2.72,P=0.032）,respectively.Subjects with higher WHt R（≥0.5）had a higher risk of CI than that with lower WHt R（<0.5）（OR:1.65,95%CI:1.02～2.67,P=0.040）.The associations between fetal malnutrition and CI were more evident with WHR greater than normal（OR:2.69,95%CI:1.12～6.47,P=0.027）.Multivariate logistic regression interaction analysis showed,compared with the G₀×WHR（<0.5）group,the CI risk in the×WHR（≥0.5）group increased by 2.28 times（95%CI:1.02～10.56,P=0.046）,G₄×WHR（≥0.5）The CI risk increased by 2.37 times（95%CI=1.01～11.24,P=0.049）.Conclusions:The results indicate fetal malnutrition is associated with higher-risk of cognitive impairment.This association appears to be exacerbated by abdominal abdominal in later life.Obesity（especially abdominal obesity）is associated with increased-risk of cognitive impairment.