An Epidemiological Survey On Refractive Errors And Related Factors Among Children And Adolescents In Xingyi City Of Guizhou Province

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of refractive errors among children and adolescents in the Xingyi City of Guizhou Province,and analyze the influencing factors of myopia,to provide a theoretical basis for myopia prevention control in Xingyi City,Guizhou Province.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted to select students aged 6-19 years from Xingyi City,Guizhou Province,from August to November 2019 using stratified sampling.A total of 8,413 students participated in the study.Of these,7,272 students were included in the data analysis.Logistic regression examined all the subjects,including visual acuity,refractive examination,and the influencing factors of students’poor visual understanding.Chi-square test was used to compare the different refractive states among gender,region,grade,nationality.Results:The total detection rates of myopia,astigmatism,hyperopia and anisometropia in children and adolescents in Xingyi City,Guizhou Province were 45.0%,26.5%,0.4%,and 14.9%,respectively.The detection rates of myopia and astigmatism in each grade showed an increasing trend(χ~2=702.893,P<0.001;χ~2=362.178,P<0.001)and lower grade students have shifted towards myopia(Skewness=-1.10D).Chi-square test was used to analyze the prevalence of myopia,which was statistically significant in gender(χ~2=25.039,P﹤0.001),grade(χ~2=702.893,P﹤0.001),region(χ~2=27.922,P﹤0.001)and ethnicity(χ~2=450.077,P﹤0.001).Not doing eye exercise(P=0.021,OR=2.033),parents reduce students’exercise time due to homework(P=0.009,OR=1.375),students do not limit their eye use time,(P=0.033,OR=1.263),and do not have visual acuity examination within one year(P=0.009,OR=2.280)are prone to myopia.Rural students((P﹤0.001,OR=0.527),students not participating in extracurricular cramming school before enrollment(P=0.019,OR=0.736),and the parents were myopia are less prone to myopic(P=0.001,OR=0.481).Compared with the local Han nationality,the Buyi and Miao nationalities are less prone to myopia(P﹤0.001,OR=0.168;P﹤0.001,OR=0.142).Conclusion:Myopia is affected by the environment,time studying,nationality,grade,and time spent doing outdoor exercise.The prevalence of myopia and astigmatism among children and adolescents in Xingyi city of Guizhou province is relatively high.With the increase of enrollment years,the prevalence of myopia and astigmatism among students in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas.