Application Of Health Education Based On IMB Model In Health Literacy Of Elderly Diabetic Patients In Community

BackgroundDue to the gradual decline of understanding and memory caused by age,the elderly have a lower level of diabetes health literacy than the general diabetic population.At present,the status of diabetes health literacy of elderly diabetic patients in the community is not optimistic.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out research on the health of elderly diabetic patients at home in the community.The Information-Motivation-Behavioral skills(IMB)model has been shown to improve self-management behavior in patients with early diabetes and diabetic nephropathy,but it has not been used to study diabetes health literacy in elderly diabetic patients in the community.Therefore,this study wants to adopt questionnaire investigation to understand the present situation of the elderly diabetes patients in community health literacy and its influence factors,adopts the IMB health education model of community intervention in elderly patients with diabetes health literacy that occupy the home,hope this way can effectively improve the level of community of elderly patients with diabetes health literacy that occupy the home,and then improve their quality of life.ObjectiveTo investigate the current situation of health literacy of elderly diabetic patients in Anyang city,and to explore the application effect of IMB model in health literacy of elderly diabetic patients in community.MethodsBy cluster sampling method,from Anyang city Yinxing,Emei,Shuguang three community health service institutions in the residents’ health records,442 elderly patients with diabetes who met the inclusion criteria were recruited as the study subjects,using the The Questionnaire on Diabetes Prevention and Cure Literacy of Chinese Diabetic Patients diabetes status and influencing factors of health literacy survey.Then,120 of the 442 patients were recruited and randomly assigned to the control group and the intervention group,with 60 patients in each group.From October 2020 to December 2020,Control group according to the conventional diabetes management mode of community health centers,intervention group implement the IMB model.The Diabetes Self-management Knowledge,Attitude,and Behavior Assessment Scale and the Questionnaire on Diabetes Prevention and Cure Literacy of Chinese Diabetic Patients were used to conduct to survey on two groups of patients before and after intervention,and evaluate its intervention effect.Results1.Among the 442 respondents,40 had diabetes health literacy,accounting for 9.05%.The scores of health literacy are(22.21±6.75),including diabetes knowledge literacy(14.35±5.33)and diabetes behavior literacy(7.85±3.03).2.Use the logistic method to analyze the survey results,and finally conclude that the main factors affecting the health literacy of elderly diabetic patients in the community are as follows: complications,annual family income,gender,and age.3.After intervention,the behavioral literacy score,knowledge literacy score and total score of diabetes in the control group were(8.13±2.53),(17.47±4.38)and(25.60±6.25)points.In the intervention group,the scores of behavioral literacy and knowledge literacy were(11.47±1.35),(22.80±2.14)and(34.27±2.77).After the intervention,the difference in the scores of health literacy between the two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).4.After intervention,the attitude score,self-management knowledge score,self-management behavior evaluation score and total score of the control group were(64.77±9.34),(85.23±13.06),(120.63±28.98)and(270.63±44.80),respectively.The self-management attitude score,self-management knowledge score,self-management behavior evaluation score and total score of the intervention group were(71.67±6.78),(95.30±4.33),(131.82±16.36)and(298.78±24.14)points,respectively.After intervention,the difference in self-management scores between the two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).5.After intervention,the parameters of total cholesterol,triglyceride,glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose in the control group were(4.93±1.10)mmol/L,(2.00±1.03)mmol/L,(7.61±1.63)% and(8.18±2.13)mmol/L,respectively.Total cholesterol,triglyceride,glycated hemoglobin and fasting blood glucose in the intervention group were(4.28±1.17)mmol/L,(1.55±0.50)mmol/L,(6.64±0.61)% and(6.22±1.25)mmol/L,respectively.After intervention,the difference of all blood test indexes between the two groups was statistically significant(P < 0.05).ConclusionThe level of health literacy of elderly diabetic patients in community is low;Intervention methods based on IMB model can improve the health literacy level of elderly diabetic patients in the community.