The Influence Of Family Cumulative Risk On Trajectories Of Suicidal Ideation In Middle And Late Adolescents And A Moderated Mediation Model

Suicidal ideation can be the product of major mental health challenges,and once it occurs,can trigger life-threatening suicidal behaviour in individuals.Family risk factors are closely linked to an individual’s physical and mental development and are important risk factors for the development of suicidal ideation.In previous national studies,longitudinal studies have rarely been used to examine important topics such as What are the developmental characteristics and trends in suicidal ideation?Which factors can influence the tendency of individuals’ suicidal ideation?What are the characteristic symptoms of individuals with high suicidal ideation?What are the specific mechanisms that influence individuals’suicidal ideation?Therefore,the present study aimed to examine the characteristics,changing trends and intrinsic mechanisms of suicidal ideation in adolescents based on two methods,variable-centred and individual-centred,and two environmental factors,normative and epidemic contexts,in order to provide guidelines for targeted suicidal ideation interventions.Study 1:Through stratified random sampling,high school students in a total of three schools in Hubei Province were selected to administer questionnaires at three time points in September 2018,December 2018,and March 2019,and the three tests were collated,resulting in 677 valid data.An unconditional latent growth curve model(LGM)was constructed to examine the changing trends in suicidal ideation among middle and late adolescents,and a conditional latent growth curve model(LGM)was constructed to examine whether there were differences in demographic variables in the changing trends of suicidal ideation and how family cumulative risk affected suicidal ideation.The results showed that(1)There was a linear increase in suicidal ideation among individuals in middle and late adolescence,with significant individual differences in both intercept and slope of change;(2)There were significant gender differences in the intercept of individual suicidal ideation,with girls having significantly higher intercept than boys,while there were no significant gender differences in the slope of suicidal ideation;(3)At three testing point,more family cumulative risk significantly contributed to the increase in suicidal ideation among middle and late adolescents.Study 2:Using latent growth mixed model(GMM)to examine subgroups of suicidal ideation in middle and late adolescence and explored predictors of subgroups of suicidal ideation.The results showed that(1)The tendency of suicidal ideation among middle and late adolescents was divided into two types based on relevant indicators:a group with high suicidal ideation(15.51%)and a group with low suicidal ideation(84.49%);(2)Of the two developmental subgroups,the high suicidal ideation group showed a significant time effect,with the overall level of suicidal ideation in members of this group increasing significantly over time.In contrast,There was no significant change over time in the low suicidal ideation group;(3)Gender and grade had a significant effect in middle and late adolescent developmental subgroups,with female individuals and senior one individuals more likely to be classified in the high suicidal ideation group.Family climate risk and psychological capital were significant predictors of suicidal ideation subgroup classification,and individuals with high family climate risk or low psychological capital were more likely to be classified in the high suicidal ideation group.Study 3:In November 2020,703 adolescents were selected using stratified random sampling in two middle schools in Hubei Province to complete questionnaires,in normative(based on longitudinal data from Study 1)and epidemic(based on cross-sectional data from 2020)contexts,respectively,the mediating role of psychological capital and the moderating role of extrafamilial support in the direct and indirect relationship between family climate risk and suicidal ideation was investigated.The results showed that(1)Suicidal ideation was significantly positively associated with family cumulative risk in both the normative and epidemic contexts,and significantly negatively associated with extrafamilial support and psychological capital.(2)Psychological capital partially mediated the relationship between family cumulative risk and suicidal ideation in normative contexts and fully mediated the relationship between family cumulative risk and suicidal ideation in epidemic contexts.(3)The direct predictive role of family cumulative risk and the family cumulative risk on psychological capital were both mediated by extrafamilial support in the normative context,and only the role of family cumulative risk on psychological capital was mediated by extrafamilial support in the epidemic context.