| Objective:To clarify the basic situation,symptoms and composition of suspected food exposure of foodborne disease surveillance cases in Changchun from 2015 to 2019,The results of active surveillance of foodborne pathogens were analyzed,To explore the regularity of foodborne diseases in Changchun City,To provide basic data and scientific basis for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases.Method:1.In the national foodborne disease surveillance reporting system,the foodborne disease surveillance data of 2015～2019 years reported by Changchun medical institutions were obtained,including basic information of patients,diagnosis and treatment information,suspicious food exposure information,and detection results of pathogenic microorganisms actively monitored in biological specimens.2.Excel 2010 software was used to establish the database,and IBM SPSS 24.0software was used to process and analyze the data.Gender,age,occupation,year of onset,month of onset,symptoms and other classified variables were used to describe the composition of the case;the latent period data were used to describe the centralized and discrete trend with M(P25,P75).χ~2test or Fisher exact probability method was used to describe the differences between hospitalization,antibiotic use,detection of intestinal pathogenic bacteria,norovirus detection and patients’age,gender,occupation;multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influence of patients’age,gender,hospitalization,antibiotic use on norovirus detection.The test level wasα=0.05Result:1.From 2015 to 2019,7764 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in Changchun,including 4266 males(54.9%)and 3498 females(45.1%).The proportion of male was higher than that of female;the age group with the largest number of cases was≤5 years old team,a total of 2836 cases were reported,accounting for 36.5%;the proportion of scattered children was the highest,a total of 2307 cases were reported,accounting for 29.7%.2.In 2019,2766 cases were reported,accounting for 35.6%;in September,1174cases were reported,accounting for 15.1%.3.The difference of clinical symptoms in different functional systems of the monitored cases was statistically significant(P<0.05),the incidence of abnormal symptoms in digestive system was the highest,96.75%,and that of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular system was the lowest,1.2%.The incidence of diarrhea in digestive system was the highest,82.24%;the incidence of palpitation and chest depression in cardiovascular system was the highest,57.89%;urinary system urine volume reduction was the highest,99.08%;headache incidence of nervous system was the highest,56.11%;the highest incidence of fever in the whole system was 56.11%.4.The highest proportion of suspected exposure food was multifood,1164 cases were reported,accounting for 14.99%.The processing and packaging methods of suspected exposure food accounted for the highest proportion,and 3286 cases were reported,accounting for 42.43%.Other places(not yet provided in the system)accounted for the highest proportion of suspected exposure food purchase places,with2631 cases reported,accounting for 33.89%;followed by farmers’markets,with 1667cases reported,accounting for 21.47%.5.The number of cases reported by medical institutions in Chaoyang District was the largest,with a total of 3888 cases reported,accounting for 50.1%;the difference of outpatient cases and inpatients in different gender,age and occupation was statistically significant(P<0.05);the difference of etiology monitoring hospital and the hospital don’t test etiology monitoring(report hospital)was statistically significant in different gender,age and occupation(P<0.05).6.There was a significant difference between the processing and packaging methods of suspicious exposed food(P<0.05).The catering service industry accounted for the highest proportion in the monitoring cases of common diners,and the home-made processing and packaging methods accounted for the highest proportion in the monitoring cases of common diners.7.The overall incubation period of foodborne disease surveillance cases in Changchun from 2015 to 2019 is 12h(7h,18h).8.In the detection results of four kinds of pathogenic bacteria of food borne diseases in Changchun City from 2015 to 2019,the detection rate of Salmonella was the highest,82 cases were positive in five years,the detection rate was 1.91%;there was significant difference in the detection rate of Salmonella in different years(P<0.05);there was significant difference in the detection rate of intestinal pathogenic bacteria in different treatment methods(P<0.05).9.There were 283 positive cases of norovirus in 5 years,the detection rate was28.44%.175 cases were male,higher than female which the number was 108.Among all age groups,200 cases were positive for norovirus,and 155 cases were scattered children.There was a significant difference in the test results between hospitalized and non hospitalized patients(P<0.05),and there was a significant difference in the use of different antibiotics(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that outpatient treatment and use of antibiotics were the influencing factors of norovirus positive.The predictive model of norovirus positive results was y=-1.550-0.958,outpatient treatment+1.134,no antibiotics,P>0.05 by goodness of fit test.Conclusion1.From 2015 to 2019,a total of 7764 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in Changchun City.The number of males was more than that of females.Most of the cases under 5 years old were scattered children.The number of foodborne disease surveillance cases in different time is different,with the highest in 2019 and the highest in September.2.From 2015 to 2019,the number of cases with abnormal digestive system symptoms was the largest in Changchun;The suspicious exposure was mainly mixed food,vegetables and their products cooked together by a variety of foods;Most of the processing methods were home-made;Farm product markets accounted for the highest proportion of suspected exposure food purchase places.3.From 2015 to 2019,the number of reported cases of foodborne diseases in Chaoyang District of Changchun City was the largest,accounting for 50.1%;The proportion of male inpatients was significantly more than that of female inpatients,and the proportion of children under 5 years old and scattered children in inpatients was higher than that in outpatients;The proportion of male patients in etiology monitoring hospitals was higher than that in non etiology monitoring hospitals(report hospitals),and the proportion of children under 5 years old and scattered children in etiology monitoring hospitals was higher than that in outpatients.4.According to the results of etiology monitoring of foodborne diseases in Changchun City from 2015 to 2019,the detection rate of Salmonella was the highest in 2018,and the detection rate of pathogens in outpatients was higher than that in inpatients;The detection rate of Norovirus was the highest in 2015.The detection rate of outpatients was higher than that of inpatients.The detection rate of patients who did not use antibiotics was higher than that of patients who used antibiotics. |
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