Survey And Analysis Of The Occurrence Of Foodborne Diseases In Jilin Province From 2019 To 2020

Objective:The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases and the results of foodborne disease pathogen surveillance in Jilin Province from 2019 to 2020 based on the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases and foodborne disease pathogen surveillance results.The time was further categorized to analyze the impact of life control due to the epidemic on the epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases and pathogen surveillance results.To provide a basis for foodborne diseases prevention and control strategy during the epidemic normalization.Methods:The cases reported to the foodborne disease surveillance reporting system by the sentinel hospitals in Jilin Province for foodborne disease surveillance from 2019 to2020 were selected for the study,and the case information was compiled.Excel 2016software was applied to establish the database,and IBM SPSS 24.0 software was used to process and analyze the data.The categorical variables were described for their composition.Theχ~2 test was used to make a two-by-two comparison of the cases before,during,and after the epidemic blockade in terms of gender,occupation,age,the prefecture-level city of reporting unit,classification of suspected food,suspected food processing,and packaging methods,suspected food eating places,suspected food purchasing places,sample collection,and detection of pathogenic bacteria and viruses in the collected samples.All statistical tests were two-sided,where P-values were considered statistically significant at P<0.017 after correction using the Bonferroni method.Results:1.34880 cases of foodborne diseases were reported in Jilin province in 2019～2020.There were 17,805 cases in males,accounting for 51.05%of the total number of surveillance.There were more patients aged 18～59 years old,accounting for 54.13%of the total number.The main occupation of the sick population was farmers,with11,086 people,accounting for 31.78%of the total number.2.The number of reported cases in 2020 decreased by 40.24%compared to the number of reported cases in 2019,with Jilin City having the highest number of reported cases in 2019～2020,accounting for 17.96%of the total reported cases,followed by Changchun City,accounting for 17.86%of the total number of cases.Of the total 34,880cases,96.59%had digestive symptoms,with a total of 29,231 people reporting diarrhea,accounting for 86.77%of the number of cases with digestive symptoms.3.Among the 34,446 cases of suspected food reported in 2019～2020,plant-based food was the main suspected food,with a total of 16,797 cases,accounting for 48.76%.34,446 cases of suspected food processing methods,home-made food accounted for the highest proportion of 16,002 cases,accounting for 46.46%of the total.The home is the highest percentage of suspected food eating places,a total of 28,032 cases accounted for 81.38%.Among the suspected food purchase places,market purchases accounted for the highest proportion of 13,211 cases,accounting for 39.24%of the total 33665cases.4.Samples were collected from a total of 7120 cases,with fecal samples predominating.The detection rate of norovirus was the highest,accounting for 10.20%of the 2460 tested samples.And the highest positive detection rate of pathogenic bacteria was found in Salmonella,with 168 cases,accounting for 2.47%.5.The differences in the composition of reported cases in terms of age and occupation before and after lockdown were statistically significant（P<0.001）,and the proportion of reported cases in preschool children was significantly lower after lockdown than before.6.The difference in the composition ratio of foodborne illnesses caused by different suspected foods before and after the lockdown was statistically significant（P<0.001）across time.The proportion of animal food consumption leading to morbidity after the lockdown was lower than the proportion before the lockdown.The difference in the proportion of different suspicious food processing and packaging methods was statistically significant across time periods（P<0.001）.The proportion of homemade foods in the lockdown was significantly higher than the proportion in the two time periods before and after the lockdown.The difference in the composition ratio of eating places was statistically significant（P<0.001）and the difference in the composition ratio of food purchase places was statistically significant（P<0.001）across time periods.7.The difference in sample collection rate between lockdown periods was statistically significant（P<0.001）,with the highest sample collection rate after lockdown.In the pathogenic surveillance results,the positive detection rate of norovirus was statistically significant（P<0.001）in different time periods,and the detection rate of norovirus after the lockdown was significantly lower than the detection rate before the lockdown.Conclusions:1.There is a more significant decrease in the number of reported foodborne illnesses in 2020 compared to the number reported in 2019.2.From 2019 to 2020,the highest number of food-borne illnesses resulted from the purchase of suspect foods at the market,and there is a need to strengthen the sanitary surveillance of multiple markets.3.Salmonella-positive samples had the highest detection rate among all samples.Salmonella and norovirus are the main pathogenic bacteria and viruses that cause foodborne diseases in the two years 2019 to 2020.4.The proportion of foodborne illnesses caused by homemade food was significantly higher after the lockdown compared to before the lockdown,and residents should increase their awareness of homemade food hygiene and food safety.